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-.. _cs2cs:
-
-================================================================================
-cs2cs
-================================================================================
-
-.. only:: html
-
- Cartographic coordinate system filter.
-
-Synopsis
-********
-
- **cs2cs** [ **-eEfIlrstvwW** [ args ] ] [ *+opts[=arg]* ] [ +to [*+opts[=arg]*] ] file[s]
-
-Description
-***********
-
-:program:`cs2cs` performs transformation between the source and destination
-cartographic coordinate system on a set of input points. The coordinate
-system transformation can include translation between projected and
-geographic coordinates as well as the application of datum shifts.
-
-The following control parameters can appear in any order:
-
-.. program:: cs2cs
-
-.. option:: -I
-
- method to specify inverse translation, convert from *+to* coordinate system to
- the primary coordinate system defined.
-
-.. option:: -t<a>
-
- A specifies a character employed as the first character to denote a control
- line to be passed through without processing. This option applicable to
- ascii input only. (# is the default value).
-
-.. option:: -e <string>
-
- String is an arbitrary string to be output if an error is detected during
- data transformations. The default value is: *\t*. Note that if the -b, -i
- or -o options are employed, an error is returned as HUGE_VAL value for both
- return values.
-
-.. option:: -E
-
- causes the input coordinates to be copied to the output line prior to
- printing the converted values.
-
-.. option:: -l<[=id]>
-
- List projection identifiers that can be selected with *+proj*. ``cs2cs -l=id``
- gives expanded description of projection id, e.g. ``cs2cs -l=merc``.
-
-.. option:: -lp
-
- List of all projection id that can be used with the *+proj* parameter.
- Equivalent to ``cs2cs -l``.
-
-.. option:: -lP
-
- Expanded description of all projections that can be used with the *+proj*
- parameter.
-
-.. option:: -le
-
- List of all ellipsoids that can be selected with the *+ellps* parameters.
-
-.. option:: -lu
-
- List of all distance units that can be selected with the *+units* parameter.
-
-.. option:: -ld
-
- List of datums that can be selected with the *+datum* parameter.
-
-.. option:: -r
-
- This options reverses the order of the expected input from
- longitude-latitude or x-y to latitude-longitude or y-x.
-
-.. option:: -s
-
- This options reverses the order of the output from x-y or longitude-latitude
- to y-x or latitude-longitude.
-
-.. option:: -f <format>
-
- Format is a printf format string to control the form of the output values.
- For inverse projections, the output will be in degrees when this option is
- employed. If a format is specified for inverse projection the output data
- will be in deci- mal degrees. The default format is "%.2f" for forward
- projection and DMS for inverse.
-
-.. option:: -[w|W]<n>
-
- N is the number of significant fractional digits to employ for seconds
- output (when the option is not specified, -w3 is assumed). When -W is
- employed the fields will be constant width and with leading zeroes.
-
-.. option:: -v
-
- causes a listing of cartographic control parameters tested for and used by
- the program to be printed prior to input data.
-
-
-.. only:: man
-
- The *+args* run-line arguments are associated with cartographic
- parameters.
-
-.. only:: html
-
- The *+args* run-line arguments are associated with cartographic
- parameters. Usage varies with projection and for a complete description
- consult the :ref:`projection pages <projections>`.
-
-The :program:`cs2cs` program requires two coordinate system definitions. The first (or
-primary is defined based on all projection parameters not appearing after the
-*+to* argument. All projection parameters appearing after the *+to* argument
-are considered the definition of the second coordinate system. If there is no
-second coordinate system defined, a geographic coordinate system based on the
-datum and ellipsoid of the source coordinate system is assumed. Note that the
-source and destination coordinate system can both be projections, both be
-geographic, or one of each and may have the same or different datums.
-
-Additional projection control parameters may be contained in two auxiliary
-control files: the first is optionally referenced with the
-*+init=file:id* and the second is always processed after the name of the
-projection has been established from either the run-line or the contents of
-*+init* file. The environment parameter PROJ_LIB establishes the default
-directory for a file reference without an absolute path. This is also used
-for supporting files like datum shift files.
-
-One or more files (processed in left to right order) specify the source of
-data to be transformed. A ``-`` will specify the location of processing standard
-input. If no files are specified, the input is assumed to be from stdin.
-For input data the two data values must be in the first two white space
-separated fields and when both input and output are ASCII all trailing portions
-of the input line are appended to the output line.
-
-Input geographic data (longitude and latitude) must be in DMS or decimal
-degrees format and input cartesian data must be in units consistent with the
-ellipsoid major axis or sphere radius units. Output geographic coordinates will
-normally be in DMS format (use ``-f %.12f`` for decimal degrees with 12 decimal
-places), while projected (cartesian) coordinates will be in linear
-(meter, feet) units.
-
-
-Example
-*******
-
-The following script
-
-::
-
- cs2cs +proj=latlong +datum=NAD83 +to +proj=utm +zone=10 +datum=NAD27 -r
- <<EOF 45d15'33.1" 111.5W 45d15.551666667N -111d30 +45.25919444444
- 111d30'000w EOF
-
-will transform the input NAD83 geographic coordinates into NAD27 coordinates in
-the UTM projection with zone 10 selected. The geographic values of this
-example are equivalent and meant as examples of various forms of DMS input.
-The x-y output data will appear as three lines of:
-
-::
-
- 1402285.99 5076292.42 0.000
-
-.. only:: man
-
- See also
- ********
-
- **proj(1)**, **cct(1)**, **geod(1)**, **gie(1)**
-
- Bugs
- ****
-
- A list of know bugs can be found at http://github.com/OSGeo/proj.4/issues
- where new bug reports can be submitted to.
-
- Home page
- *********
-
- http://proj4.org/