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-.. _ccon:
-
-********************************************************************************
-Central Conic
-********************************************************************************
-
-This is central (centrographic) projection on cone tangent at ``lat_0`` latitude,
-identical with ``conic()`` projection from ``mapproj`` R package.
-
-+---------------------+----------------------------------------------------------+
-| **Classification** | Conic |
-+---------------------+----------------------------------------------------------+
-| **Available forms** | Forward and inverse, spherical projection |
-+---------------------+----------------------------------------------------------+
-| **Defined area** | Global, but best used near the standard parallel |
-+---------------------+----------------------------------------------------------+
-| **Implemented by** | Lukasz Komsta |
-+---------------------+----------------------------------------------------------+
-| **Options** |
-+---------------------+----------------------------------------------------------+
-| `+lat_1` | Latitude of standard parallel. |
-+---------------------+----------------------------------------------------------+
-
-.. image:: ./images/ccon.png
- :scale: 50%
- :alt: Central Conic
-
-
-Usage
-########
-
-This simple projection is rarely used, as it is not equidistant, equal-area, nor
-conformal.
-
-An example of usage (and the main reason to implement this projection in proj4)
-is the ATPOL geobotanical grid of Poland, developed in Institute of Botany,
-Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland in 1970s [Zajac1978]_. The grid was
-originally handwritten on paper maps and further copied by hand. The projection
-(together with strange Earth radius) was chosen by its creators as the compromise
-fit to existing maps during first software development in DOS era. Many years later
-it is still de facto standard grid in Polish geobotanical research.
-
-The ATPOL coordinates can be achieved with with the following parameters:
-
-::
-
- +proj=ccon +lat_1=52 +lat_0=52 +lon_0=19 +axis=esu +a=6390000 +x_0=330000 +y_0=-350000
-
-For more information see [Komsta2016]_ and [Verey2017]_.
-
-
-Forward projection
-==================
-
-.. math::
-
- r = \cot \phi_0 - \tan (\phi - \phi_0)
-
-.. math::
-
- x = r \sin (\lambda\sin\phi_0)
-
-.. math::
-
- y = \cot \phi_0 - r \cos (\lambda\sin\phi_0)
-
-
-Inverse projection
-==================
-
-.. math::
-
- y = \cot \phi_0 - y
-
-.. math::
-
- \phi = \phi_0 - \tan^{-1} ( \sqrt{x^2+y^2} - \cot \phi_0 )
-
-.. math::
-
- \lambda = \frac{\tan^{-1} \sqrt{x^2+y^2}}{\sin \phi_0}
-
-Reference values
-==================
-
-For ATPOL to WGS84 test, run the following script:
-
-::
-
- #!/bin/bash
- cat << EOF | src/cs2cs -v -f "%E" +proj=ccon +lat_1=52 +lat_0=52 +lon_0=19 +axis=esu +a=6390000 +x_0=330000 +y_0=-350000 +to +proj=longlat +datum=WGS84 +no_defs
- 0 0
- 0 700000
- 700000 0
- 700000 700000
- 330000 350000
- EOF
-
-It should result with
-
-::
-
- 1.384023E+01 5.503040E+01 0.000000E+00
- 1.451445E+01 4.877385E+01 0.000000E+00
- 2.478271E+01 5.500352E+01 0.000000E+00
- 2.402761E+01 4.875048E+01 0.000000E+00
- 1.900000E+01 5.200000E+01 0.000000E+00
-
-Analogous script can be run for reverse test:
-
-::
-
- cat << EOF | src/cs2cs -v -f "%E" +proj=longlat +datum=WGS84 +no_defs +to +proj=ccon +lat_1=52 +lat_0=52 +lon_0=19 +axis=esu +a=6390000 +x_0=330000 +y_0=-350000
- 24 55
- 15 49
- 24 49
- 19 52
- EOF
-
-and it should give the following results:
-
-::
-
- 6.500315E+05 4.106162E+03 0.000000E+00
- 3.707419E+04 6.768262E+05 0.000000E+00
- 6.960534E+05 6.722946E+05 0.000000E+00
- 3.300000E+05 3.500000E+05 0.000000E+00