%!PS-Adobe-2.0 %%Creator: dvips 5.55 Copyright 1986, 1994 Radical Eye Software %%Title: test.dvi %%CreationDate: Sun Sep 24 11:46:24 1995 %%Pages: 42 %%PageOrder: Ascend %%BoundingBox: 0 0 612 792 %%EndComments %DVIPSCommandLine: dvips test %DVIPSParameters: dpi=300, comments removed %DVIPSSource: TeX output 1995.09.24:1145 %%BeginProcSet: tex.pro /TeXDict 250 dict def TeXDict begin /N{def}def /B{bind def}N /S{exch}N /X{S N}B /TR{translate}N /isls false N /vsize 11 72 mul N /hsize 8.5 72 mul N /landplus90{false}def /@rigin{isls{[0 landplus90{1 -1}{-1 1} ifelse 0 0 0]concat}if 72 Resolution div 72 VResolution div neg scale isls{landplus90{VResolution 72 div vsize mul 0 exch}{Resolution -72 div hsize mul 0}ifelse TR}if Resolution VResolution vsize -72 div 1 add mul TR[matrix currentmatrix{dup dup round sub abs 0.00001 lt{round}if} forall round exch round exch]setmatrix}N /@landscape{/isls true N}B /@manualfeed{statusdict /manualfeed true put}B /@copies{/#copies X}B /FMat[1 0 0 -1 0 0]N 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y(to)i(y{x)f(or)h(latitude-longitude.)246 2575 y Fr(-m )p Fu(mult)k Fx(|)37 b(The)19 b(cartesian)h(data)e(ma)o(y)f(b)q (e)j(scaled)f(b)o(y)g(the)g Fu(mult)g Fx(parameter.)32 b(When)329 2624 y(pro)q(cessing)14 b(data)e(in)h(a)f(forw)o(ard)h(pro)r (jection)g(mo)q(de)f(the)i(cartesian)f(output)g(v)n(alues)g(are)329 2674 y(m)o(ultiplied)g(b)o(y)i Fu(mult)h Fx(otherwise)h(the)f(input)g (cartesian)g(v)n(alues)g(are)g(divided)f(b)o(y)h Fu(mult)329 2724 y Fx(b)q(efore)d(in)o(v)o(erse)g(pro)r(jection.)18 b(If)13 b(the)g(\014rst)g(t)o(w)o(o)f(c)o(haracters)j(of)d Fu(mult)g Fx(are)h Fr(1/)f Fx(or)h Fr(1:)f Fx(then)329 2774 y(the)i(recipro)q(cal)h(v)n(alue)e(of)g Fu(mult)h Fx(is)f(emplo)o(y)o(ed.)p eop %%Page: 36 36 36 35 bop 225 -75 a Fx(36)212 b Fv(APPENDIX)14 b(1|SUMMAR)m(Y)f(OF)h (PR)o(OGRAM)g Fy(PR)o(OJ)e Fv(COMMANDS)246 70 y Fr(-f )p Fu(format)d Fx(|)21 b Fu(F)m(ormat)10 b Fx(is)h(a)f Fv(prin)o(tf)e Fx(\(3\))j(format)e(string)h(to)h(con)o(trol)f(the)i(form)d(of)h(the)h (output)329 120 y(v)n(alues.)17 b(F)m(or)11 b(in)o(v)o(erse)h(pro)r (jections,)g(the)g(output)g(will)e(b)q(e)i(in)f(degrees)i(when)f(this)f (option)329 170 y(is)17 b(emplo)o(y)o(ed.)25 b(If)17 b(a)f(format)f(is)i(sp)q(eci\014ed)i(for)d(in)o(v)o(erse)i(pro)r (jection)f(the)h(output)f(data)329 220 y(will)11 b(b)q(e)j(in)f (decimal)e(degrees.)20 b(The)13 b(default)g(format)e(is)i Fr(\045.2f)g Fx(for)f(forw)o(ard)h(pro)r(jection)329 270 y(and)g Ft(dms)h Fx(for)g(in)o(v)o(erse.)246 354 y Fr(-[w|W])p Fu(n)j Fx(|)36 b Fu(N)18 b Fx(is)g(the)g(n)o(um)o(b)q(er) g(of)f(signi\014can)o(t)h(fractional)f(digits)g(to)h(emplo)o(y)f(for)g (sec-)329 404 y(onds)e(output)f(\(when)i(the)f(option)f(is)g(not)h(sp)q (eci\014ed,)h Fr(-w3)e Fx(is)g(assumed\).)20 b(When)15 b Fr(-W)f Fx(is)329 453 y(emplo)o(y)o(ed)e(the)j(\014elds)f(will)e(b)q (e)j(constan)o(t)f(width)g(with)f(leading)g(zero)q(es.)246 538 y Fr(-v)d Fx(|)22 b(This)11 b(option)f(serv)o(es)i(as)f(a)g (diagnostic)g(to)f(displa)o(y)g(all)g(parameters)h(used)h(to)f 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b(option)g(creates)i(an)f Ft(asci)q(i)e Fx(output)329 1522 y(structure)25 b(of)d(co)q(e\016cien)o(ts)j(and)e (con)o(trol)f(data)h(for)g(pro)r(jection)g(con)o(v)o(ersion)h(using)329 1572 y(Cheb)o(yshev)14 b(p)q(olynomials.)h(Argumen)o(ts)e Fw(ul)q(ow)q Fx(-)p Fw(uhi)g Fx(are)h(longitude)f(or)g(x)h(data)f (ranges)329 1622 y(and)i Fw(v)q(l)q(ow)q Fx(-)p Fw(v)q(hi)h Fx(are)g(latitude)e(or)i(y)f(data)f(ranges)i(dep)q(ending)g(on)f(resp)q (ectiv)o(e)i(forw)o(ard)329 1671 y(or)d(in)o(v)o(erse)g(pro)r(jection)g (mo)q(de.)287 1755 y(The)k Fr(+)p Fu(c)n(ontr)n(ol)f Fx(run-line)g(argumen)o(ts)g(are)h(asso)q(ciated)g(with)g(cartographic) f(parameters)225 1805 y(and)d(usage)g(v)n(aries)g(with)g(pro)r(jection) g(selected)i(and)e(reference)j(should)c(b)q(e)i(made)e(to)h(sp)q (eci\014c)225 1855 y(pro)r(jection)19 b(do)q(cumen)o(tation.)31 b(Except)20 b(for)f Fr(+init)p Fx(,)f(these)i(con)o(trol)f(parameters,) g(with)f(or)225 1905 y(without)f(the)h Fr(+)p Fx(,)g(ma)o(y)e(also)h(b) q(e)h(used)h(in)e(the)h(initialization)d(\014le)i(referenced)j(b)o(y)e Fr(+init)e Fx(or)225 1955 y(the)f(defaults)f(\014le.)19 b(The)c(options)f(are)h(pro)q(cessed)h(in)e(left)g(to)g(righ)o(t)g (order)h(from)e(the)i(run-line)225 2004 y(follo)o(w)o(ed)f(b)o(y)h(pro) q(cessing)h(en)o(tries)g(in)f(optionally)e(selected)18 b(initialization)12 b(\014le)j(and)g(defaults)225 2054 y(\014le.)26 b(Reen)o(try)17 b(of)e(an)i(option)e(is)i(ignored)f(with)g (the)h(\014rst)g(o)q(ccurrence)i(assumed)d(to)h(b)q(e)g(the)225 2104 y(desired)e(v)n(alue.)246 2188 y Fr(+proj=)p Fu(name)e Fx(|)29 b(is)14 b Fy(alw)o(a)o(ys)g Fx(required)h(for)f(selection)h(of) f(the)h(cartographic)g(transforma-)329 2238 y(tion)e(function)h(and)f (where)i Fu(name)g Fx(is)f(an)f(acron)o(ym)g(for)g(the)i(desired)g(pro) r(jection.)246 2322 y Fr(+init=)p Fu(\014le:key)d Fx(|)25 b(names)12 b(a)h Fu(\014le)g Fx(con)o(taining)f(cartographic)h(con)o (trol)g(parameters)g(asso)q(ci-)329 2372 y(ated)h(with)g(the)g(k)o(eyw) o(ord)g Fu(key)p Fx(.)246 2456 y Fr(+R=)p Fw(R)h Fx(|)32 b(sp)q(eci\014es)18 b(that)f(the)f(pro)r(jection)h(should)f(b)q(e)h (computed)f(as)g(a)g(spherical)h(Earth)329 2506 y(with)c(radius)h Fw(R)p Fx(.)246 2590 y Fr(+ellps=)p Fu(acr)n(onym)g Fx(|)30 b(The)15 b Fr(+ellps)f Fx(option)h(allo)o(ws)f(selection)h(of)g (standard,)g(prede\014ned)329 2640 y(ellipsoid)d(\014gures.)19 b(F)m(or)13 b(spherical)h(only)e(pro)r(jections,)i(the)g(ma)r(jor)e (axis)h(is)g(used)h(as)g(the)329 2690 y(radius.)246 2774 y Fr(+a=)p Fw(a)f Fx(|)27 b(sp)q(eci\014es)16 b(an)d(elliptical)g (Earth's)h(ma)r(jor)e(axis)i Fw(a)p Fx(.)p eop %%Page: 37 37 37 36 bop 1678 -75 a Fx(37)246 70 y Fr(+es=)p Fw(e)353 55 y Fn(2)388 70 y Fx(|)33 b(de\014nes)19 b(the)e(elliptical)f(Earth's) h(squared)h(eccen)o(tricit)o(y)m(.)28 b(Optionally)m(,)16 b(either)329 120 y Fr(+b=)p Fw(b)p Fx(,)g Fr(+e=)p Fw(e)p Fx(,)h Fr(+rf=)p Fx(1)p Fw(=f)j Fx(or)d Fr(+f=)p Fw(f)k Fx(ma)o(y)15 b(b)q(e)j(used)f(where)h Fw(b)p Fx(,)f Fw(e)h Fx(and)e Fw(f)22 b Fx(are)17 b(resp)q(ectiv)o(e)329 170 y(minor)12 b(axis,)h(eccen)o(tricit)o(y)i(and)f(\015attening.)246 253 y Fr(+R)p 293 253 14 2 v 15 w(A)f Fx(|)25 b(m)o(ust)11 b(b)q(e)j(used)g(with)e(elliptical)f(Earth)j(parameters.)j(It)c (determines)g(that)g(spher-)329 303 y(ical)f(computations)g(b)q(e)h (used)h(with)f(the)g(radius)g(of)g(a)g(sphere)h(that)f(has)g(a)g (surface)h(area)329 353 y(equiv)n(alen)o(t)e(to)h(the)h(selected)h (ellipsoid.)i Fr(+R_V)12 b Fx(can)h(b)q(e)h(used)g(in)f(a)g(similar)d (manner)j(for)329 402 y(sphere)i(radius)f(of)f(an)h(ellipse)g(with)f (equiv)n(alen)o(t)h(v)o(olume.)246 485 y Fr(+R_a)h Fx(|)30 b(m)o(ust)15 b(b)q(e)h(used)h(with)e(elliptical)g(Earth)h(parameters.) 23 b(Spherical)16 b(radius)g(of)f(the)329 535 y(arithmetic)e(mean)f(of) h(the)i(ma)r(jor)d(and)i(minor)e(axis)h(is)h(used.)19 b Fr(+R_g)13 b Fx(and)h Fr(+R_h)f Fx(can)h(b)q(e)329 585 y(used)h(for)e(equiv)n(alen)o(t)g(geometric)g(and)h(harmonic)f (means)g(of)g(ma)r(jor)f(and)i(minor)e(axis.)246 668 y Fr(+R_lat_a=)p Fw(\036)g Fx(|)29 b(m)o(ust)14 b(b)q(e)i(used)f(with)g (elliptical)e(Earth)j(parameters.)k(Spherical)15 b(radius)329 718 y(of)g(the)h(arithmetic)e(mean)g(of)h(the)h(principle)f(radii)g(of) g(the)h(ellipsoid)e(at)h(latitude)g Fw(\036)g Fx(is)329 768 y(used.)j Fr(+R_lat_g=)p Fw(\036)10 b Fx(can)i(b)q(e)h(used)g(for)f (equiv)n(alen)o(t)f(geometric)g(mean)g(of)h(the)g(principle)329 817 y(radii.)246 901 y Fr(+x_0=)p Fw(x)380 907 y Fn(0)412 901 y Fx(|)30 b(false)15 b(easting;)h(added)g(to)f Fw(x)g Fx(v)n(alue)f(of)h(the)h(cartesian)g(co)q(ordinate.)23 b(Used)16 b(in)329 950 y(grid)d(systems)h(to)g(a)o(v)o(oid)f(negativ)o (e)g(grid)h(co)q(ordinates.)246 1033 y Fr(+y_0=)p Fw(y)376 1039 y Fn(0)405 1033 y Fx(|)22 b(false)11 b(northing;)g(added)h(to)f Fw(y)i Fx(v)n(alue)e(of)f(the)i(cartesian)g(co)q(ordinate.)18 b(See)12 b Fr(-x_0)p Fx(.)246 1116 y Fr(+lon_0=)p Fw(\025)424 1122 y Fn(0)459 1116 y Fx(|)37 b(cen)o(tral)18 b(meridian.)30 b(Along)18 b(with)g Fr(+lat_0)p Fx(,)f(normally)f(determines)j(the)329 1166 y(geographic)13 b(origin)g(of)g(the)i(pro)r(jection.)246 1249 y Fr(+lat_0=)p Fw(\036)425 1255 y Fn(0)456 1249 y Fx(|)27 b(cen)o(tral)14 b(parallel.)j(See)e Fr(+lon_0)p Fx(.)246 1332 y Fr(+units=)p Fu(name)c Fx(|)22 b(selects)14 b(con)o(v)o(ersion)e(of)f(cartesian)h(v)n(alues)f(to)h(units)g(sp)q (eci\014ed)h(b)o(y)e Fu(name)p Fx(.)329 1382 y(When)j(used,)g(other)h Fr(+)e Fx(metric)h(parameters)f(m)o(ust)g(b)q(e)i(in)e(meters.)246 1465 y Fr(+geoc)h Fx(|)30 b(data)14 b(geographic)h(co)q(ordinates)h (are)g(to)f(b)q(e)h(treated)g(as)f(geo)q(cen)o(tric)i(when)e(this)329 1515 y(option)e(sp)q(eci\014ed.)246 1598 y Fr(+over)g Fx(|)29 b(inhibit)14 b(reduction)h(of)f(input)h(longitude)f(v)n(alues)g (to)g(a)h(range)g(within)f Fm(\006)p Fx(180)1653 1583 y Fp(\016)1686 1598 y Fx(of)329 1648 y(the)g(cen)o(tral)h(meridian.)287 1731 y(Site)22 b(installations)f(usually)f(ha)o(v)o(e)i(a)g(default)f (directory)i(path)e(in)h Fy(pro)s(j)e Fx(to)h(indicate)225 1781 y(the)c(lo)q(cation)e(of)h(unquali\014ed)g(initialization)d (\014le)j(names)g(and)g(the)h(pro)r(jection)f(default)g(\014le)225 1830 y Fr(proj)p 316 1830 V 15 w(def.dat)p Fx(.)g(The)e(en)o(vironmen)o (t)e(parameter)h Fr(PROJ_LIB)f Fx(can)h(b)q(e)h(used)g(to)g(de\014ne)g (a)f(new)225 1880 y(directory)i(for)e(this)h(path.)p eop %%Page: 38 38 38 37 bop 225 -75 a Fx(38)212 b Fv(APPENDIX)14 b(1|SUMMAR)m(Y)f(OF)h (PR)o(OGRAM)g Fy(PR)o(OJ)e Fv(COMMANDS)p eop %%Page: 39 39 39 38 bop 1678 -75 a Fx(39)225 70 y Fz(App)r(endix)20 b(2|Summary)g(of)g(program)h(nad2nad)h(com-)225 145 y(mands)225 241 y Fx(This)17 b(is)g(a)g(summary)e(of)i(the)h(usage)f(of)g(program)f Fy(nad2nad)p Fx(.)26 b(Muc)o(h)18 b(of)f(this)g(material)e(is)225 291 y(rep)q(eated)f(in)e(the)h(man)o(ual)c(\014le)k Fr(nad2nad.1)d Fx(included)i(with)g Fy(pro)s(j)f Fx(distribution)g(and)h(ma)o(y)f(b)q (e)225 341 y(a)o(v)n(ailable)h(as)i(an)f(on-line)g(resource.)287 393 y(Execution)i(of)e Fy(nad2nad)f Fx(is)i(p)q(erformed)f(as:)329 485 y Fr(nad2nad)20 b([)p Fx(-)p Fu(c)n(ontr)n(ol)p Fr(])h([)p Fu(\014les)p Fr(])225 577 y Fx(Input)13 b(data)f Fu(\014les)g Fx(ma)o(y)e(b)q(e)j(sp)q(eci\014ed)h(on)e(the)h(run-line)f(and)g(are)h (pro)q(cessed)i(in)d(a)g(left)g(to)g(righ)o(t)225 626 y(order)18 b(and)e(a)h Fr( - )f Fx(ma)o(y)f(b)q(e)i(used)h(to)f (indicate)f(data)h(to)g(b)q(e)g(pro)q(cessed)i(from)c Fu(stdin)p Fx(.)27 b(If)17 b(no)225 676 y(data)d(\014les)g(are)g(sp)q (eci\014ed,)h(input)f(is)g(assumed)f(to)h(b)q(e)g(from)e Fu(stdin)p Fx(.)287 729 y(The)k Fr(-)p Fu(c)n(ontr)n(ol)g Fx(run-line)f(parameters)h(con)o(trol)f(the)i(nature)f(of)f(data)h (input)g(and)f(output)225 779 y(and)g(basic)f(selections)i(of)e(ho)o(w) h(information)d(is)i(to)h(b)q(e)g(pro)q(cessed.)23 b(The)16 b(follo)o(wing)c(run)j(line)225 828 y Fr(-)p Fu(c)n(ontr)n(ol)e Fx(parameters)h(can)g(app)q(ear)h(in)e(an)o(y)g(order:)246 920 y Fr(-i)p Fm(j)p Fr(o )p Fu(option)p Fx([)p Fu(,option)i Fw(:)7 b(:)g(:)n Fx(])14 b(|)30 b(sp)q(ecify)15 b(the)h(nature)f(of)g (the)g(input)g(\()p Fr(-i)p Fx(\))g(and)f(output)i(\()p Fr(-o)p Fx(\))329 970 y(data)f(and)h(ho)o(w)f(it)g(is)h(to)g(b)q(e)g (pro)q(cessed.)26 b(The)16 b(follo)o(wing)d(options)i(are)i(applicable) d(to)329 1020 y(b)q(oth:)350 1114 y Fr(27)p Fm(j)p Fr(83)e Fx(|)27 b(data)14 b(datum)e(y)o(ear.)18 b(If)c(omitted,)e(27)h (assumed.)350 1186 y Fr(utm=)p Fu(zone)g Fx(|)27 b(data)14 b(in)f Ft(utm)h Fx(grid)g(co)q(ordinates)g(for)g(zone)g(n)o(um)o(b)q (er)f Fu(zone)p Fx(.)350 1258 y Fr(spcs=)p Fu(zone)g Fx(|)27 b(data)14 b(in)f Ft(spcs)h Fx(grid)f(co)q(ordinates)i(for)e (State)i(zone)f(n)o(um)o(b)q(er)f Fu(zone)p Fx(.)350 1330 y Fr(hp=)p Fu(zone)i Fx(|)31 b(data)15 b(in)g(high)g(precision)h (grid)f(co)q(ordinates)h(in)f(one)h(of)f(the)h(follo)o(wing)420 1380 y(zones:)1274 1450 y Fk(Exten)o(t)507 1495 y(Region)285 b Fj(zone)100 b Fk(East)95 b(W)m(est)50 b(South)h(North)p 482 1511 1176 2 v 507 1563 a(Florida)297 b Fq(FL)86 b Fk(88)1087 1547 y Fi(\016)1118 1563 y Fk(W)70 b(80)1265 1547 y Fi(\016)1296 1563 y Fk(W)50 b(24)1423 1547 y Fi(\016)1455 1563 y Fk(N)g(32)1572 1547 y Fi(\016)1604 1563 y Fk(N)507 1609 y(Maryland)256 b Fq(MD)86 b Fk(80)1087 1593 y Fi(\016)1118 1609 y Fk(W)70 b(74)1265 1593 y Fi(\016)1296 1609 y Fk(W)50 b(37)1423 1593 y Fi(\016)1455 1609 y Fk(N)g(41)1572 1593 y Fi(\016)1604 1609 y Fk(N)507 1655 y(T)m(ennessee)251 b Fq(TN)86 b Fk(91)1087 1639 y Fi(\016)1118 1655 y Fk(W)70 b(81)1265 1639 y Fi(\016)1296 1655 y Fk(W)50 b(34)1423 1639 y Fi(\016)1455 1655 y Fk(N)g(38)1572 1639 y Fi(\016)1604 1655 y Fk(N)507 1700 y(W)m(ashington{Oregon)80 b Fq(WO)67 b Fk(125)1087 1684 y Fi(\016)1118 1700 y Fk(W)51 b(116)1265 1684 y Fi(\016)1296 1700 y Fk(W)f(41)1423 1684 y Fi(\016)1455 1700 y Fk(N)g(50)1572 1684 y Fi(\016)1604 1700 y Fk(N)507 1746 y(Wisconsin)249 b Fq(WI)86 b Fk(94)1087 1730 y Fi(\016)1118 1746 y Fk(W)70 b(88)1265 1730 y Fi(\016)1296 1746 y Fk(W)50 b(42)1423 1730 y Fi(\016)1455 1746 y Fk(N)g(48)1572 1730 y Fi(\016)1604 1746 y Fk(N)420 1826 y Fx(Must)15 b(b)q(e)f(used)h(with) e Fr(83)h Fx(datum.)350 1898 y Fr(feet)g Fx(|)31 b(data)15 b(units)g(are)h(in)f(U.S.)g(Surv)o(ey)o(or's)h(feet.)23 b(This)16 b(is)f(allo)o(w)o(ed)f(only)h(when)420 1948 y(the)h Fr(spcs)f Fx(option)f(has)i(b)q(een)g(used.)24 b(Meters)17 b(are)f(used)g(for)f(all)g(other)h(cartesian)420 1998 y(data.)350 2070 y Fr(bin)d Fx(|)27 b(data)13 b(are)i(in)e(binary) h(form.)350 2142 y Fr(rev)f Fx(|)27 b(data)13 b(are)i(in)e(rev)o(erse)j (order:)j(either)c(latitude{longitude)d(or)i Fw(y)q Fx({)p Fw(x)p Fx(.)246 2236 y Fr(-t)p Fu(a)f Fx(|)25 b Fu(A)13 b Fx(sp)q(eci\014es)i(a)d(c)o(haracter)j(emplo)o(y)o(ed)c(as)i(the)h (\014rst)g(c)o(haracter)g(to)f(denote)h(a)f(con)o(trol)329 2286 y(line)e(to)h(b)q(e)h(passed)f(through)g(without)g(pro)q(cessing.) 19 b(This)11 b(option)h(applicable)f(to)g Ft(asci)q(i)329 2336 y Fx(input)i(only)m(.)k(\()p Fr(#)d Fx(is)g(the)g(default)g(v)n (alue\).)246 2430 y Fr(-e )p Fu(string)9 b Fx(|)19 b Fu(String)10 b Fx(is)f(an)h(arbitrary)g(string)g(to)g(b)q(e)h(output)f (if)f(an)h(error)h(is)f(detected)i(during)329 2480 y(data)h (transformations.)k(The)d(default)f(v)n(alue)g(is)h(the)g(string:)k Fr(*\\t*)p Fx(.)f(Note)d(that)g(if)f(the)329 2530 y(options)h Fr(-b)p Fx(,)f Fr(-i)h Fx(or)g Fr(-o)g Fx(are)h(emplo)o(y)o(ed,)d(an)i (error)i(is)e(indicated)g(b)o(y)g(a)g(system)g(de\014ned)329 2580 y Fr(HUGE)p 420 2580 14 2 v 15 w(VAL)f Fx(output)h(for)f(b)q(oth)h (v)n(alues.)246 2674 y Fr(-r )p Fu(r)n(e)n(gion)19 b Fx(|)40 b(m)o(ust)19 b(b)q(e)i(giv)o(en)f(when)h(the)f(v)n(alues)g Fr(27)g Fx(and)g Fr(83)g Fx(are)h(di\013eren)o(t)g(for)f(the)329 2724 y Fr(-i)c Fx(and)g Fr(-o)g Fx(options.)24 b Fu(R)n(e)n(gion)17 b Fx(is)f(the)h(name)e(of)h(the)h(correction)g(matrix)e(\014le)h(for)g (the)329 2774 y(transformation)c(b)q(et)o(w)o(een)j Ft(NAD)f Fx(datums)f(and)g(m)o(ust)g(b)q(e)i(one)f(of)f(the)i(follo)o(wing:)p eop %%Page: 40 40 40 39 bop 225 -75 a Fx(40)95 b Fv(APPENDIX)15 b(2|SUMMAR)m(Y)e(OF)h(PR) o(OGRAM)f Fy(NAD2NAD)h Fv(COMMANDS)1260 61 y Fk(Exten)o(t)430 106 y(Region)303 b Fj(r)n(e)n(gion)119 b Fk(East)94 b(W)m(est)51 b(South)g(North)p 405 122 1238 2 v 430 174 a(Con)o(terminous)15 b(U.S.)99 b Fq(conus)67 b Fk(131)1072 159 y Fi(\016)1104 174 y Fk(W)i(63)1250 159 y Fi(\016)1281 174 y Fk(W)51 b(20)1409 159 y Fi(\016)1440 174 y Fk(N)g(50)1558 159 y Fi(\016)1589 174 y Fk(N)430 220 y(Alask)n(a)298 b Fq(alaska)71 b Fk(166)1086 204 y Fi(\016)1117 220 y Fk(E)50 b(128)1250 204 y Fi(\016)1281 220 y Fk(W)h(46)1409 204 y Fi(\016)1440 220 y Fk(N)g(77)1558 204 y Fi(\016)1589 220 y Fk(N)430 266 y(Ha)o(w)o(aii)295 b Fq(hawaii)57 b Fk(161)1072 250 y Fi(\016)1104 266 y Fk(W)50 b(154)1250 250 y Fi(\016)1281 266 y Fk(W)h(18)1409 250 y Fi(\016)1440 266 y Fk(N)g(23)1558 250 y Fi(\016)1589 266 y Fk(N)430 305 y(Puerto)14 b(Rico)g(and)430 351 y(Virgin)h(Islands)858 328 y Fq(prvi)97 b Fk(68)1073 312 y Fi(\016)1104 328 y Fk(W)69 b(64)1250 312 y Fi(\016)1281 328 y Fk(W)51 b(17)1409 312 y Fi(\016)1440 328 y Fk(N)g(19)1558 312 y Fi(\016)1589 328 y Fk(N)430 390 y(St.)17 b(George)d(Is.,)e(AK)82 b(stgeorge)50 b(171)1072 374 y Fi(\016)1104 390 y Fk(W)g(169)1250 374 y Fi(\016)1281 390 y Fk(W)h(56)1409 374 y Fi(\016)1440 390 y Fk(N)g(57)1558 374 y Fi(\016)1589 390 y Fk(N)430 436 y(St.)16 b(La)o(wrence)10 b(Is.,)f(AK)71 b(srlrnc)h(172)1072 420 y Fi(\016)1104 436 y Fk(W)d(68)1250 420 y Fi(\016)1281 436 y Fk(W)51 b(62)1409 420 y Fi(\016)1440 436 y Fk(N)g(64)1558 420 y Fi(\016)1589 436 y Fk(N)430 482 y(St.)17 b(P)o(aul)d(Is.,)e(AK) 141 b(stpaul)68 b(171)1072 466 y Fi(\016)1104 482 y Fk(W)50 b(169)1250 466 y Fi(\016)1281 482 y Fk(W)h(57)1409 466 y Fi(\016)1440 482 y Fk(N)g(58)1558 466 y Fi(\016)1589 482 y Fk(N)246 605 y Fr(-f )p Fu(format)9 b Fx(|)21 b Fu(F)m(ormat)10 b Fx(is)h(a)f Fv(prin)o(tf)e Fx(\(3\))j(format)e (string)h(to)h(con)o(trol)f(the)i(form)d(of)h(the)h(output)329 655 y(v)n(alues.)17 b(F)m(or)11 b(in)o(v)o(erse)h(pro)r(jections,)g 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y(output)g(stream)f(prior)h(to)f(the)i(prin)o(ting)e(of)g(the)h (con)o(v)o(erted)h(results.)25 b(Should)15 b(not)h(b)q(e)329 1170 y(used)f(with)e(binary)h(I/O.)287 1253 y(Site)g(installations)e (usually)h(ha)o(v)o(e)h(a)f(default)g(directory)i(path)f(in)f Fy(nad2nad)f Fx(to)h(indicate)225 1303 y(the)j(lo)q(cation)e(of)g(con)o (v)o(ersion)h(matrix)f(directory)h Fr(nad2783)p Fx(.)20 b(The)c(en)o(vironmen)o(t)e(parameter)225 1353 y Fr(PROJ_LIB)e Fx(can)i(b)q(e)h(used)g(to)e(de\014ne)i(a)f(new)g(path)g(for)g(this)f (directory)m(.)p eop %%Page: 41 41 41 40 bop 1678 -75 a Fx(41)225 70 y Fz(App)r(endix)22 b(3|Pro)t(jection)g(Library)i(En)n(tries)225 165 y Fx(This)18 b(is)g(a)f(summary)f(of)h(basic)h(programmati)o(c)e(en)o(tries)j(to)e (the)i(cartographic)f(pro)r(jection)225 215 y(library)m(,)11 b Fr(libproj.a)p Fx(.)k(Online)d(source)h(of)e(this)h(material)e(ma)o (y)g(b)q(e)j(a)o(v)n(ailable)c(as)j(the)h Fy(man)e Fx(\014le)225 265 y Fr(pj_init.3)h 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y(tographic)j(con)o(trol)g(string)g(p)q(oin)o (ters)h Fr(argv)e Fx(that)h(eac)o(h)h(con)o(tain)e(individual)g(con)o (trol)g(k)o(ey-)225 1140 y(w)o(ord)h(assignmen)o(ts)f(\(e.g.)34 b Fr(+)19 b Fy(pro)s(j)e Fx(argumen)o(ts\).)33 b(The)20 b(list)f(m)o(ust)f(con)o(tain)g(at)h(least)h(the)225 1190 y Fr(proj=)p Fu(pr)n(oje)n(ction)13 b Fx(and)h(Earth's)g(radius)g (or)g(elliptical)f(parameters.)19 b(If)14 b(the)h(initialization)c(of) 225 1240 y(the)j(pro)r(jection)h(is)f(successful)h(a)f(v)n(alid)e (address)j(is)f(returned)i(otherwise)e(a)g(NULL)g(v)n(alue.)287 1292 y(Once)21 b(initialization)16 b(is)j(p)q(erformed)g(either)h(forw) o(ard)f(or)g(in)o(v)o(erse)g(pro)r(jections)h(can)g(b)q(e)225 1342 y(p)q(erformed)15 b(with)g(the)i(returned)g(v)n(alue)e(of)g Fr(pj_init)f Fx(used)i(as)g(the)g(argumen)o(t)e Fr(proj)p Fx(.)23 b(Some)225 1392 y(pro)r(jections)f(do)f(not)h(ha)o(v)o(e)f(in)o (v)o(erse)h(capabilit)o(y;)h(a)e(state)h(that)g(can)f(b)q(e)h (determined)g(b)o(y)225 1441 y Fr(proj->inv==0)p Fx(.)15 b(The)g(t)o(yp)q(e)f Fr(UV)g Fx(is)f(a)h(structure)329 1531 y Fr(typedef)20 b(struct)h({)g(double)g(u,)g(v;)h(})f(UV;)225 1620 y Fx(where)16 b(the)g(v)n(alues)f Fr(u)g Fx(and)g Fr(v)f Fx(con)o(tain)h(resp)q(ectiv)o(e)i(longitude)e(and)f(latitude,)h (in)g(radians,)f(or)225 1670 y(x)g(and)f(y)m(.)k(If)d(a)f(pro)r (jection)h(op)q(eration)g(fails,)e(b)q(oth)i(elemen)o(ts)f(of)g(the)h (returned)i Fr(UV)d Fx(v)n(alue)g(are)225 1719 y(set)i(to)f Fr(HUGE_VAL)e Fx(\(de\014ned)j(in)e Fr(math.h)p Fx(\).)287 1771 y(Memory)d(asso)q(ciated)i(with)f(the)h(pro)r(jection)g (initialization)c(p)q(oin)o(ter,)k Fr(proj)e Fx(ma)o(y)g(b)q(e)h(freed) 225 1821 y(with)j Fr(pj_free)p Fx(.)287 1873 y(Pro)q(cedure)g Fr(nad_init)c Fx(returns)j(a)e(p)q(oin)o(ter)g(to)h(a)f(con)o(trol)g (structure)j(that)d(is)h(used)g(to)f(con-)225 1923 y(v)o(ert)i (geographic)g(co)q(ordinates)g(b)q(et)o(w)o(een)i(datums)c(b)o(y)i (means)f(of)g(a)h(biv)n(atiate)e(matrix)g(stored)225 1973 y(in)j(the)h(\014le)g(named)e(in)h 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(erted)f(string,)g(otherwise)g(standard)g(sign)f(pre\014xing)225 2724 y(is)19 b(used.)34 b(T)o(ypically)m(,)18 b Fr(pos)g Fx(is)h(set)g(to)g Fr(E)g Fx(or)g Fr(N)f Fx(and)h Fr(W)g Fx(or)g Fr(S)f Fx(for)h(resp)q(ectiv)o(e)i(con)o(v)o(ersion)e(of)225 2774 y(longitude)13 b(or)h(latitude)g(v)n(alues)f(of)g Fr(rad)p Fx(.)p eop %%Page: 42 42 42 41 bop 225 -75 a Fx(42)469 b Fv(APPENDIX)15 b(3|PR)o(OJECTION)f (LIBRAR)m(Y)f(ENTRIES)287 70 y Fx(Pro)q(cedure)k Fr(set_rtodms)c Fx(is)i(b)q(e)g(used)h(to)f(con)o(trol)f(asp)q(ects)j(of)d Fr(rtodms)g Fx(con)o(v)o(ersion.)21 b(By)225 120 y(default,)d Fr(rtodms)p Fx(')e(con)o(v)o(ersion)i(truncates)i(trailing)c(zeros)k (and)d(zero)i(seconds)g(or)f(min)o(utes)225 170 y(\014elds)f(and)g (with)g(an)g(assumed)f(precision)i(of)e(0)p Fw(:)p Fx(001)1069 155 y Fp(00)1089 170 y Fx(.)27 b(The)17 b(precision)h(is)f(c)o(hanged)g (b)o(y)g(the)225 220 y(v)n(alue)h(of)h Fr(frac)f Fx(whic)o(h)h(sp)q (eci\014es)i(the)e(n)o(um)o(b)q(er)g(of)f(signi\014can)o(t)h (fractional)f(seconds)i(digits)225 270 y(\(default)15 b(3\))f(and)h(if)f Fr(fixed)g Fx(is)g(non-zero,)i(then)f(\014xed)g (\014eld)g(width,)f(with)h(leading)f(zeros)i(are)225 319 y(used)f(in)e(the)i(format.)287 369 y(A)e(p)q(oin)o(ter)g(to)f(a)h (c)o(haracter)g(string)g(is)g(returned)h(b)o(y)e Fr(pj_strerrno)f Fx(whic)o(h)h(describ)q(es)j(the)225 419 y(nature)j(of)g(a)f(non-zero)h (argumen)o(t)f(v)n(alue,)h Fr(errnum)p Fx(.)28 b(P)o(ositiv)o(e)17 b(argumen)o(ts)g(are)h(op)q(erating)225 469 y(system)c(errors)i(and)e (negativ)o(e)g(argumen)o(ts)f(are)i(errors)h(detected)g(b)o(y)e(the)h Fy(pro)s(j)d Fx(library)i(sys-)225 519 y(tem.)k(If)c(the)h(argumen)o(t) e(is)h(0,)g(a)g(n)o(ull)f(p)q(oin)o(ter)h(is)g(returned.)21 b(The)15 b(string)f(referenced)j(b)o(y)d(the)225 568 y(returned)i(p)q(oin)o(ter)e(should)f(b)q(e)i(considered)g(as)f(t)o(yp) q(e)h Fr(const)p Fx(.)p eop %%Trailer end userdict /end-hook known{end-hook}if %%EOF