Testing projinfo EPSG:4326 PROJ.4 string: +proj=longlat +datum=WGS84 +no_defs +type=crs WKT2:2019 string: GEOGCRS["WGS 84", DATUM["World Geodetic System 1984", ELLIPSOID["WGS 84",6378137,298.257223563, LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]], PRIMEM["Greenwich",0, ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], CS[ellipsoidal,2], AXIS["geodetic latitude (Lat)",north, ORDER[1], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], AXIS["geodetic longitude (Lon)",east, ORDER[2], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], USAGE[ SCOPE["unknown"], AREA["World"], BBOX[-90,-180,90,180]], ID["EPSG",4326]] Testing projinfo -o WKT1_GDAL EPSG:4326 WKT1:GDAL string: GEOGCS["WGS 84", DATUM["WGS_1984", SPHEROID["WGS 84",6378137,298.257223563, AUTHORITY["EPSG","7030"]], AUTHORITY["EPSG","6326"]], PRIMEM["Greenwich",0, AUTHORITY["EPSG","8901"]], UNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433, AUTHORITY["EPSG","9122"]], AUTHORITY["EPSG","4326"]] Testing projinfo -o WKT2_2015 EPSG:4326 WKT2:2015 string: GEODCRS["WGS 84", DATUM["World Geodetic System 1984", ELLIPSOID["WGS 84",6378137,298.257223563, LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]], PRIMEM["Greenwich",0, ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], CS[ellipsoidal,2], AXIS["geodetic latitude (Lat)",north, ORDER[1], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], AXIS["geodetic longitude (Lon)",east, ORDER[2], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], AREA["World"], BBOX[-90,-180,90,180], ID["EPSG",4326]] Testing projinfo -o WKT2_2019 EPSG:4326 WKT2:2019 string: GEOGCRS["WGS 84", DATUM["World Geodetic System 1984", ELLIPSOID["WGS 84",6378137,298.257223563, LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]], PRIMEM["Greenwich",0, ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], CS[ellipsoidal,2], AXIS["geodetic latitude (Lat)",north, ORDER[1], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], AXIS["geodetic longitude (Lon)",east, ORDER[2], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], USAGE[ SCOPE["unknown"], AREA["World"], BBOX[-90,-180,90,180]], ID["EPSG",4326]] Testing projinfo -o ALL EPSG:4326 PROJ.4 string: +proj=longlat +datum=WGS84 +no_defs +type=crs WKT2:2015 string: GEODCRS["WGS 84", DATUM["World Geodetic System 1984", ELLIPSOID["WGS 84",6378137,298.257223563, LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]], PRIMEM["Greenwich",0, ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], CS[ellipsoidal,2], AXIS["geodetic latitude (Lat)",north, ORDER[1], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], AXIS["geodetic longitude (Lon)",east, ORDER[2], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], AREA["World"], BBOX[-90,-180,90,180], ID["EPSG",4326]] WKT2:2019 string: GEOGCRS["WGS 84", DATUM["World Geodetic System 1984", ELLIPSOID["WGS 84",6378137,298.257223563, LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]], PRIMEM["Greenwich",0, ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], CS[ellipsoidal,2], AXIS["geodetic latitude (Lat)",north, ORDER[1], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], AXIS["geodetic longitude (Lon)",east, ORDER[2], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], USAGE[ SCOPE["unknown"], AREA["World"], BBOX[-90,-180,90,180]], ID["EPSG",4326]] WKT1:GDAL string: GEOGCS["WGS 84", DATUM["WGS_1984", SPHEROID["WGS 84",6378137,298.257223563, AUTHORITY["EPSG","7030"]], AUTHORITY["EPSG","6326"]], PRIMEM["Greenwich",0, AUTHORITY["EPSG","8901"]], UNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433, AUTHORITY["EPSG","9122"]], AUTHORITY["EPSG","4326"]] WKT1:ESRI string: GEOGCS["GCS_WGS_1984",DATUM["D_WGS_1984",SPHEROID["WGS_1984",6378137.0,298.257223563]],PRIMEM["Greenwich",0.0],UNIT["Degree",0.0174532925199433]] PROJJSON: { "$schema": "https://proj.org/schemas/v0.2/projjson.schema.json", "type": "GeographicCRS", "name": "WGS 84", "datum": { "type": "GeodeticReferenceFrame", "name": "World Geodetic System 1984", "ellipsoid": { "name": "WGS 84", "semi_major_axis": 6378137, "inverse_flattening": 298.257223563 } }, "coordinate_system": { "subtype": "ellipsoidal", "axis": [ { "name": "Geodetic latitude", "abbreviation": "Lat", "direction": "north", "unit": "degree" }, { "name": "Geodetic longitude", "abbreviation": "Lon", "direction": "east", "unit": "degree" } ] }, "area": "World", "bbox": { "south_latitude": -90, "west_longitude": -180, "north_latitude": 90, "east_longitude": 180 }, "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 4326 } } Testing projinfo -s EPSG:4326 -t EPSG:32631 Candidate operations found: 1 ------------------------------------- Operation No. 1: EPSG:16031, UTM zone 31N, 0 m, World - N hemisphere - 0°E to 6°E PROJ string: +proj=pipeline +step +proj=axisswap +order=2,1 +step +proj=unitconvert +xy_in=deg +xy_out=rad +step +proj=utm +zone=31 +ellps=WGS84 WKT2:2019 string: CONVERSION["UTM zone 31N", METHOD["Transverse Mercator", ID["EPSG",9807]], PARAMETER["Latitude of natural origin",0, ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433], ID["EPSG",8801]], PARAMETER["Longitude of natural origin",3, ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433], ID["EPSG",8802]], PARAMETER["Scale factor at natural origin",0.9996, SCALEUNIT["unity",1], ID["EPSG",8805]], PARAMETER["False easting",500000, LENGTHUNIT["metre",1], ID["EPSG",8806]], PARAMETER["False northing",0, LENGTHUNIT["metre",1], ID["EPSG",8807]], ID["EPSG",16031]] Testing projinfo -s NAD27 -t NAD83 Candidate operations found: 1 Note: using '--spatial-test intersects' would bring more results (10) ------------------------------------- Operation No. 1: unknown id, Ballpark geographic offset from NAD27 to NAD83, unknown accuracy, World, has ballpark transformation PROJ string: +proj=noop WKT2:2019 string: COORDINATEOPERATION["Ballpark geographic offset from NAD27 to NAD83", SOURCECRS[ GEOGCRS["NAD27", DATUM["North American Datum 1927", ELLIPSOID["Clarke 1866",6378206.4,294.978698213898, LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]], PRIMEM["Greenwich",0, ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], CS[ellipsoidal,2], AXIS["geodetic latitude (Lat)",north, ORDER[1], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], AXIS["geodetic longitude (Lon)",east, ORDER[2], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], ID["EPSG",4267]]], TARGETCRS[ GEOGCRS["NAD83", DATUM["North American Datum 1983", ELLIPSOID["GRS 1980",6378137,298.257222101, LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]], PRIMEM["Greenwich",0, ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], CS[ellipsoidal,2], AXIS["geodetic latitude (Lat)",north, ORDER[1], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], AXIS["geodetic longitude (Lon)",east, ORDER[2], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], ID["EPSG",4269]]], METHOD["Geographic2D offsets", ID["EPSG",9619]], PARAMETER["Latitude offset",0, ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433], ID["EPSG",8601]], PARAMETER["Longitude offset",0, ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433], ID["EPSG",8602]], USAGE[ SCOPE["unknown"], AREA["World"], BBOX[-90,-180,90,180]]] Testing projinfo -s NAD27 -t NAD83 --grid-check none --spatial-test intersects --summary Candidate operations found: 10 DERIVED_FROM(EPSG):1312, NAD27 to NAD83 (3), 2.0 m, Canada DERIVED_FROM(EPSG):1313, NAD27 to NAD83 (4), 1.5 m, Canada - NAD27 DERIVED_FROM(EPSG):1241, NAD27 to NAD83 (1), 0.15 m, USA - CONUS including EEZ DERIVED_FROM(EPSG):1243, NAD27 to NAD83 (2), 0.5 m, USA - Alaska including EEZ DERIVED_FROM(EPSG):1573, NAD27 to NAD83 (6), 1.5 m, Canada - Quebec EPSG:1462, NAD27 to NAD83 (5), 2.0 m, Canada - Quebec EPSG:9111, NAD27 to NAD83 (9), 1.5 m, Canada - Saskatchewan unknown id, Ballpark geographic offset from NAD27 to NAD83, unknown accuracy, World, has ballpark transformation EPSG:8555, NAD27 to NAD83 (7), 0.15 m, USA - CONUS and GoM EPSG:8549, NAD27 to NAD83 (8), 0.5 m, USA - Alaska Testing projinfo -s NAD27 -t NAD83 --grid-check none --spatial-test intersects Candidate operations found: 10 ------------------------------------- Operation No. 1: DERIVED_FROM(EPSG):1312, NAD27 to NAD83 (3), 2.0 m, Canada PROJ string: +proj=pipeline +step +proj=axisswap +order=2,1 +step +proj=unitconvert +xy_in=deg +xy_out=rad +step +proj=hgridshift +grids=ca_nrc_ntv1_can.tif +step +proj=unitconvert +xy_in=rad +xy_out=deg +step +proj=axisswap +order=2,1 WKT2:2019 string: COORDINATEOPERATION["NAD27 to NAD83 (3)", SOURCECRS[ GEOGCRS["NAD27", DATUM["North American Datum 1927", ELLIPSOID["Clarke 1866",6378206.4,294.978698213898, LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]], PRIMEM["Greenwich",0, ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], CS[ellipsoidal,2], AXIS["geodetic latitude (Lat)",north, ORDER[1], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], AXIS["geodetic longitude (Lon)",east, ORDER[2], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], ID["EPSG",4267]]], TARGETCRS[ GEOGCRS["NAD83", DATUM["North American Datum 1983", ELLIPSOID["GRS 1980",6378137,298.257222101, LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]], PRIMEM["Greenwich",0, ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], CS[ellipsoidal,2], AXIS["geodetic latitude (Lat)",north, ORDER[1], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], AXIS["geodetic longitude (Lon)",east, ORDER[2], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], ID["EPSG",4269]]], METHOD["HORIZONTAL_SHIFT_GTIFF"], PARAMETERFILE["Latitude and longitude difference file","ca_nrc_ntv1_can.tif"], OPERATIONACCURACY[2.0], USAGE[ SCOPE["Historic record only - now superseded - see remarks."], AREA["Canada"], BBOX[40.04,-141.01,86.46,-47.74]], ID["DERIVED_FROM(EPSG)",1312]] ------------------------------------- Operation No. 2: DERIVED_FROM(EPSG):1313, NAD27 to NAD83 (4), 1.5 m, Canada - NAD27 PROJ string: +proj=pipeline +step +proj=axisswap +order=2,1 +step +proj=unitconvert +xy_in=deg +xy_out=rad +step +proj=hgridshift +grids=ca_nrc_ntv2_0.tif +step +proj=unitconvert +xy_in=rad +xy_out=deg +step +proj=axisswap +order=2,1 WKT2:2019 string: COORDINATEOPERATION["NAD27 to NAD83 (4)", SOURCECRS[ GEOGCRS["NAD27", DATUM["North American Datum 1927", ELLIPSOID["Clarke 1866",6378206.4,294.978698213898, LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]], PRIMEM["Greenwich",0, ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], CS[ellipsoidal,2], AXIS["geodetic latitude (Lat)",north, ORDER[1], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], AXIS["geodetic longitude (Lon)",east, ORDER[2], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], ID["EPSG",4267]]], TARGETCRS[ GEOGCRS["NAD83", DATUM["North American Datum 1983", ELLIPSOID["GRS 1980",6378137,298.257222101, LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]], PRIMEM["Greenwich",0, ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], CS[ellipsoidal,2], AXIS["geodetic latitude (Lat)",north, ORDER[1], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], AXIS["geodetic longitude (Lon)",east, ORDER[2], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], ID["EPSG",4269]]], METHOD["HORIZONTAL_SHIFT_GTIFF"], PARAMETERFILE["Latitude and longitude difference file","ca_nrc_ntv2_0.tif"], OPERATIONACCURACY[1.5], USAGE[ SCOPE["Accuracy 1-2 metres."], AREA["Canada - NAD27"], BBOX[40.04,-141.01,83.17,-47.74]], ID["DERIVED_FROM(EPSG)",1313]] ------------------------------------- Operation No. 3: DERIVED_FROM(EPSG):1241, NAD27 to NAD83 (1), 0.15 m, USA - CONUS including EEZ PROJ string: +proj=pipeline +step +proj=axisswap +order=2,1 +step +proj=unitconvert +xy_in=deg +xy_out=rad +step +proj=hgridshift +grids=us_noaa_conus.tif +step +proj=unitconvert +xy_in=rad +xy_out=deg +step +proj=axisswap +order=2,1 WKT2:2019 string: COORDINATEOPERATION["NAD27 to NAD83 (1)", SOURCECRS[ GEOGCRS["NAD27", DATUM["North American Datum 1927", ELLIPSOID["Clarke 1866",6378206.4,294.978698213898, LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]], PRIMEM["Greenwich",0, ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], CS[ellipsoidal,2], AXIS["geodetic latitude (Lat)",north, ORDER[1], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], AXIS["geodetic longitude (Lon)",east, ORDER[2], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], ID["EPSG",4267]]], TARGETCRS[ GEOGCRS["NAD83", DATUM["North American Datum 1983", ELLIPSOID["GRS 1980",6378137,298.257222101, LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]], PRIMEM["Greenwich",0, ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], CS[ellipsoidal,2], AXIS["geodetic latitude (Lat)",north, ORDER[1], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], AXIS["geodetic longitude (Lon)",east, ORDER[2], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], ID["EPSG",4269]]], METHOD["HORIZONTAL_SHIFT_GTIFF"], PARAMETERFILE["Latitude and longitude difference file","us_noaa_conus.tif"], OPERATIONACCURACY[0.15], USAGE[ SCOPE["Accuracy at 67% confidence level is 0.15m onshore, 5m nearshore and undetermined farther offshore."], AREA["USA - CONUS including EEZ"], BBOX[23.81,-129.17,49.38,-65.69]], ID["DERIVED_FROM(EPSG)",1241]] ------------------------------------- Operation No. 4: DERIVED_FROM(EPSG):1243, NAD27 to NAD83 (2), 0.5 m, USA - Alaska including EEZ PROJ string: +proj=pipeline +step +proj=axisswap +order=2,1 +step +proj=unitconvert +xy_in=deg +xy_out=rad +step +proj=hgridshift +grids=us_noaa_alaska.tif +step +proj=unitconvert +xy_in=rad +xy_out=deg +step +proj=axisswap +order=2,1 WKT2:2019 string: COORDINATEOPERATION["NAD27 to NAD83 (2)", SOURCECRS[ GEOGCRS["NAD27", DATUM["North American Datum 1927", ELLIPSOID["Clarke 1866",6378206.4,294.978698213898, LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]], PRIMEM["Greenwich",0, ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], CS[ellipsoidal,2], AXIS["geodetic latitude (Lat)",north, ORDER[1], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], AXIS["geodetic longitude (Lon)",east, ORDER[2], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], ID["EPSG",4267]]], TARGETCRS[ GEOGCRS["NAD83", DATUM["North American Datum 1983", ELLIPSOID["GRS 1980",6378137,298.257222101, LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]], PRIMEM["Greenwich",0, ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], CS[ellipsoidal,2], AXIS["geodetic latitude (Lat)",north, ORDER[1], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], AXIS["geodetic longitude (Lon)",east, ORDER[2], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], ID["EPSG",4269]]], METHOD["HORIZONTAL_SHIFT_GTIFF"], PARAMETERFILE["Latitude and longitude difference file","us_noaa_alaska.tif"], OPERATIONACCURACY[0.5], USAGE[ SCOPE["Accuracy at 67% confidence level is 0.5m onshore, 5m nearshore and undetermined farther offshore."], AREA["USA - Alaska including EEZ"], BBOX[47.88,167.65,74.71,-129.99]], ID["DERIVED_FROM(EPSG)",1243]] ------------------------------------- Operation No. 5: DERIVED_FROM(EPSG):1573, NAD27 to NAD83 (6), 1.5 m, Canada - Quebec PROJ string: +proj=pipeline +step +proj=axisswap +order=2,1 +step +proj=unitconvert +xy_in=deg +xy_out=rad +step +proj=hgridshift +grids=ca_que_mern_na27na83.tif +step +proj=unitconvert +xy_in=rad +xy_out=deg +step +proj=axisswap +order=2,1 WKT2:2019 string: COORDINATEOPERATION["NAD27 to NAD83 (6)", SOURCECRS[ GEOGCRS["NAD27", DATUM["North American Datum 1927", ELLIPSOID["Clarke 1866",6378206.4,294.978698213898, LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]], PRIMEM["Greenwich",0, ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], CS[ellipsoidal,2], AXIS["geodetic latitude (Lat)",north, ORDER[1], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], AXIS["geodetic longitude (Lon)",east, ORDER[2], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], ID["EPSG",4267]]], TARGETCRS[ GEOGCRS["NAD83", DATUM["North American Datum 1983", ELLIPSOID["GRS 1980",6378137,298.257222101, LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]], PRIMEM["Greenwich",0, ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], CS[ellipsoidal,2], AXIS["geodetic latitude (Lat)",north, ORDER[1], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], AXIS["geodetic longitude (Lon)",east, ORDER[2], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], ID["EPSG",4269]]], METHOD["HORIZONTAL_SHIFT_GTIFF"], PARAMETERFILE["Latitude and longitude difference file","ca_que_mern_na27na83.tif"], OPERATIONACCURACY[1.5], USAGE[ SCOPE["Accuracy 1-2 metres."], AREA["Canada - Quebec"], BBOX[44.99,-79.85,62.62,-57.1]], ID["DERIVED_FROM(EPSG)",1573]] ------------------------------------- Operation No. 6: EPSG:1462, NAD27 to NAD83 (5), 2.0 m, Canada - Quebec PROJ string: +proj=pipeline +step +proj=axisswap +order=2,1 +step +proj=unitconvert +xy_in=deg +xy_out=rad +step +proj=hgridshift +grids=GS2783v1.QUE +step +proj=unitconvert +xy_in=rad +xy_out=deg +step +proj=axisswap +order=2,1 WKT2:2019 string: COORDINATEOPERATION["NAD27 to NAD83 (5)", VERSION["SGQ-Can QC NT1"], SOURCECRS[ GEOGCRS["NAD27", DATUM["North American Datum 1927", ELLIPSOID["Clarke 1866",6378206.4,294.978698213898, LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]], PRIMEM["Greenwich",0, ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], CS[ellipsoidal,2], AXIS["geodetic latitude (Lat)",north, ORDER[1], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], AXIS["geodetic longitude (Lon)",east, ORDER[2], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], ID["EPSG",4267]]], TARGETCRS[ GEOGCRS["NAD83", DATUM["North American Datum 1983", ELLIPSOID["GRS 1980",6378137,298.257222101, LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]], PRIMEM["Greenwich",0, ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], CS[ellipsoidal,2], AXIS["geodetic latitude (Lat)",north, ORDER[1], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], AXIS["geodetic longitude (Lon)",east, ORDER[2], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], ID["EPSG",4269]]], METHOD["NTv1", ID["EPSG",9614]], PARAMETERFILE["Latitude and longitude difference file","GS2783v1.QUE"], OPERATIONACCURACY[2.0], USAGE[ SCOPE["Historic record only - now superseded - see remarks."], AREA["Canada - Quebec"], BBOX[44.99,-79.85,62.62,-57.1]], ID["EPSG",1462], REMARK["Densification for Quebec of code 1312. Replaced by NAD27 to NAD83 (6) (code 1573). Uses NT method which expects longitudes positive west; EPSG GeogCRSs NAD27 (code 4267) and NAD83 (code 4269) have longitudes positive east."]] ------------------------------------- Operation No. 7: EPSG:9111, NAD27 to NAD83 (9), 1.5 m, Canada - Saskatchewan PROJ string: +proj=pipeline +step +proj=axisswap +order=2,1 +step +proj=unitconvert +xy_in=deg +xy_out=rad +step +proj=hgridshift +grids=SK27-83.gsb +step +proj=unitconvert +xy_in=rad +xy_out=deg +step +proj=axisswap +order=2,1 WKT2:2019 string: COORDINATEOPERATION["NAD27 to NAD83 (9)", VERSION["ISC-Can SK"], SOURCECRS[ GEOGCRS["NAD27", DATUM["North American Datum 1927", ELLIPSOID["Clarke 1866",6378206.4,294.978698213898, LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]], PRIMEM["Greenwich",0, ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], CS[ellipsoidal,2], AXIS["geodetic latitude (Lat)",north, ORDER[1], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], AXIS["geodetic longitude (Lon)",east, ORDER[2], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], ID["EPSG",4267]]], TARGETCRS[ GEOGCRS["NAD83", DATUM["North American Datum 1983", ELLIPSOID["GRS 1980",6378137,298.257222101, LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]], PRIMEM["Greenwich",0, ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], CS[ellipsoidal,2], AXIS["geodetic latitude (Lat)",north, ORDER[1], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], AXIS["geodetic longitude (Lon)",east, ORDER[2], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], ID["EPSG",4269]]], METHOD["NTv2", ID["EPSG",9615]], PARAMETERFILE["Latitude and longitude difference file","SK27-83.gsb"], OPERATIONACCURACY[1.5], USAGE[ SCOPE["Spatial referencing."], AREA["Canada - Saskatchewan"], BBOX[49,-110,60.01,-101.34]], ID["EPSG",9111]] ------------------------------------- Operation No. 8: unknown id, Ballpark geographic offset from NAD27 to NAD83, unknown accuracy, World, has ballpark transformation PROJ string: +proj=noop WKT2:2019 string: COORDINATEOPERATION["Ballpark geographic offset from NAD27 to NAD83", SOURCECRS[ GEOGCRS["NAD27", DATUM["North American Datum 1927", ELLIPSOID["Clarke 1866",6378206.4,294.978698213898, LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]], PRIMEM["Greenwich",0, ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], CS[ellipsoidal,2], AXIS["geodetic latitude (Lat)",north, ORDER[1], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], AXIS["geodetic longitude (Lon)",east, ORDER[2], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], ID["EPSG",4267]]], TARGETCRS[ GEOGCRS["NAD83", DATUM["North American Datum 1983", ELLIPSOID["GRS 1980",6378137,298.257222101, LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]], PRIMEM["Greenwich",0, ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], CS[ellipsoidal,2], AXIS["geodetic latitude (Lat)",north, ORDER[1], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], AXIS["geodetic longitude (Lon)",east, ORDER[2], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], ID["EPSG",4269]]], METHOD["Geographic2D offsets", ID["EPSG",9619]], PARAMETER["Latitude offset",0, ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433], ID["EPSG",8601]], PARAMETER["Longitude offset",0, ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433], ID["EPSG",8602]], USAGE[ SCOPE["unknown"], AREA["World"], BBOX[-90,-180,90,180]]] ------------------------------------- Operation No. 9: EPSG:8555, NAD27 to NAD83 (7), 0.15 m, USA - CONUS and GoM PROJ string: WKT2:2019 string: COORDINATEOPERATION["NAD27 to NAD83 (7)", VERSION["NGS-Usa Conus Nadcon5"], SOURCECRS[ GEOGCRS["NAD27", DATUM["North American Datum 1927", ELLIPSOID["Clarke 1866",6378206.4,294.978698213898, LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]], PRIMEM["Greenwich",0, ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], CS[ellipsoidal,2], AXIS["geodetic latitude (Lat)",north, ORDER[1], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], AXIS["geodetic longitude (Lon)",east, ORDER[2], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], ID["EPSG",4267]]], TARGETCRS[ GEOGCRS["NAD83", DATUM["North American Datum 1983", ELLIPSOID["GRS 1980",6378137,298.257222101, LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]], PRIMEM["Greenwich",0, ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], CS[ellipsoidal,2], AXIS["geodetic latitude (Lat)",north, ORDER[1], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], AXIS["geodetic longitude (Lon)",east, ORDER[2], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], ID["EPSG",4269]]], METHOD["NADCON5 (2D)", ID["EPSG",1074]], PARAMETERFILE["Latitude difference file","nadcon5.nad27.nad83_1986.conus.lat.trn.20160901.b"], PARAMETERFILE["Longitude difference file","nadcon5.nad27.nad83_1986.conus.lon.trn.20160901.b"], OPERATIONACCURACY[0.15], USAGE[ SCOPE["Spatial referencing."], AREA["USA - CONUS and GoM"], BBOX[23.82,-124.79,49.38,-66.91]], ID["EPSG",8555], REMARK["Uses NADCON5 method which expects longitudes positive east in range 0-360°; source and target CRSs have longitudes positive east in range -180° to +180°. Accuracy at 67% confidence level is 0.15m onshore, 1m nearshore and undetermined farther offshore."]] ------------------------------------- Operation No. 10: EPSG:8549, NAD27 to NAD83 (8), 0.5 m, USA - Alaska PROJ string: WKT2:2019 string: COORDINATEOPERATION["NAD27 to NAD83 (8)", VERSION["NGS-Usa AK Nadcon5"], SOURCECRS[ GEOGCRS["NAD27", DATUM["North American Datum 1927", ELLIPSOID["Clarke 1866",6378206.4,294.978698213898, LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]], PRIMEM["Greenwich",0, ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], CS[ellipsoidal,2], AXIS["geodetic latitude (Lat)",north, ORDER[1], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], AXIS["geodetic longitude (Lon)",east, ORDER[2], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], ID["EPSG",4267]]], TARGETCRS[ GEOGCRS["NAD83", DATUM["North American Datum 1983", ELLIPSOID["GRS 1980",6378137,298.257222101, LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]], PRIMEM["Greenwich",0, ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], CS[ellipsoidal,2], AXIS["geodetic latitude (Lat)",north, ORDER[1], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], AXIS["geodetic longitude (Lon)",east, ORDER[2], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], ID["EPSG",4269]]], METHOD["NADCON5 (2D)", ID["EPSG",1074]], PARAMETERFILE["Latitude difference file","nadcon5.nad27.nad83_1986.alaska.lat.trn.20160901.b"], PARAMETERFILE["Longitude difference file","nadcon5.nad27.nad83_1986.alaska.lon.trn.20160901.b"], OPERATIONACCURACY[0.5], USAGE[ SCOPE["Spatial referencing."], AREA["USA - Alaska"], BBOX[51.3,172.42,71.4,-129.99]], ID["EPSG",8549], REMARK["Uses NADCON5 method which expects longitudes positive east in range 0-360°; source and target CRSs have longitudes positive east in range -180° to +180°. Accuracy at 67% confidence level is 0.5m onshore, 5m nearshore and undetermined farther offshore."]] Testing projinfo -s EPSG:4230 -t EPSG:4258 --bbox 8,54.51,15.24,57.8 --summary Candidate operations found: 1 Note: using '--spatial-test intersects' would bring more results (2) EPSG:1626, ED50 to ETRS89 (4), 1.0 m, Denmark - onshore Testing projinfo -s EPSG:4230 -t EPSG:4258 --area EPSG:3237 --summary Candidate operations found: 1 Note: using '--spatial-test intersects' would bring more results (2) EPSG:1626, ED50 to ETRS89 (4), 1.0 m, Denmark - onshore Testing projinfo -s EPSG:4230 -t EPSG:4258 --area 'Denmark - onshore' --summary Candidate operations found: 1 Note: using '--spatial-test intersects' would bring more results (2) EPSG:1626, ED50 to ETRS89 (4), 1.0 m, Denmark - onshore Testing projinfo -s EPSG:4230 -t EPSG:4258 --area 'Denmark -' --summary Several candidates area of use matching provided name : EPSG:2531 : Denmark - onshore Jutland and Funen EPSG:2532 : Denmark - onshore Zealand and Lolland EPSG:2533 : Denmark - onshore Bornholm EPSG:3237 : Denmark - onshore EPSG:3471 : Denmark - onshore west of 12°E EPSG:3472 : Denmark - onshore east of 12°E EPSG:3631 : Denmark - onshore Jutland west of 10°E EPSG:3632 : Denmark - onshore Jutland east of 9°E and Funen Testing projinfo -s EPSG:4230 -t EPSG:4258 --area no_match --summary No area of use matching provided name Testing projinfo -s EPSG:4230 -t EPSG:4258 --area WRONG:CODE --summary Area of use retrieval failed: area not found Testing deprecated CRS: projinfo EPSG:26591 Warning: object is deprecated Alternative non-deprecated CRS: EPSG:3003 PROJ.4 string: +proj=tmerc +lat_0=0 +lon_0=9 +k=0.9996 +x_0=1500000 +y_0=0 +ellps=intl +pm=rome +units=m +no_defs +type=crs WKT2:2019 string: PROJCRS["Monte Mario (Rome) / Italy zone 1", BASEGEOGCRS["Monte Mario (Rome)", DATUM["Monte Mario (Rome)", ELLIPSOID["International 1924",6378388,297, LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]], PRIMEM["Rome",12.4523333333333, ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], ID["EPSG",4806]], CONVERSION["Italy zone 1", METHOD["Transverse Mercator", ID["EPSG",9807]], PARAMETER["Latitude of natural origin",0, ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433], ID["EPSG",8801]], PARAMETER["Longitude of natural origin",9, ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433], ID["EPSG",8802]], PARAMETER["Scale factor at natural origin",0.9996, SCALEUNIT["unity",1], ID["EPSG",8805]], PARAMETER["False easting",1500000, LENGTHUNIT["metre",1], ID["EPSG",8806]], PARAMETER["False northing",0, LENGTHUNIT["metre",1], ID["EPSG",8807]]], CS[Cartesian,2], AXIS["easting (X)",east, ORDER[1], LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]], AXIS["northing (Y)",north, ORDER[2], LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]], USAGE[ SCOPE["unknown"], AREA["Italy - west of 12°E"], BBOX[36.53,5.94,47.04,12]], ID["EPSG",26591]] Testing non compliant WKT1 Warning: GEOGCS should have a PRIMEM node Warning: Parsing error : syntax error, unexpected UNIT, expecting PRIMEM. Error occurred around: HEROID["WGS 84",6378137,298.257223563]],UNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]] ^ PROJ.4 string: +proj=longlat +datum=WGS84 +no_defs +type=crs WKT2:2019 string: GEOGCRS["WGS 84", DATUM["World Geodetic System 1984", ELLIPSOID["WGS 84",6378137,298.257223563, LENGTHUNIT["metre",1, ID["EPSG",9001]]]], PRIMEM["Greenwich",0, ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433], ID["EPSG",8901]], CS[ellipsoidal,2], AXIS["longitude",east, ORDER[1], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], AXIS["latitude",north, ORDER[2], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]]] Testing CRS with towgs84: projinfo -o PROJ EPSG:25832 PROJ.4 string: +proj=utm +zone=32 +ellps=GRS80 +towgs84=0,0,0,0,0,0,0 +units=m +no_defs +type=crs Testing RH2000 height to SWEREF99: projinfo -s EPSG:5613 -t EPSG:4977 Candidate operations found: 1 ------------------------------------- Operation No. 1: PROJ:EPSG_5613_TO_EPSG_4977, RH2000 height to SWEREF99, unknown accuracy, Sweden - onshore PROJ string: +proj=vgridshift +grids=SWEN17_RH2000.gtx +multiplier=1 WKT2:2019 string: COORDINATEOPERATION["RH2000 height to SWEREF99", SOURCECRS[ VERTCRS["RH2000 height", VDATUM["Rikets hojdsystem 2000"], CS[vertical,1], AXIS["gravity-related height (H)",up, LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]], ID["EPSG",5613]]], TARGETCRS[ GEOGCRS["SWEREF99", DATUM["SWEREF99", ELLIPSOID["GRS 1980",6378137,298.257222101, LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]], PRIMEM["Greenwich",0, ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], CS[ellipsoidal,3], AXIS["geodetic latitude (Lat)",north, ORDER[1], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], AXIS["geodetic longitude (Lon)",east, ORDER[2], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], AXIS["ellipsoidal height (h)",up, ORDER[3], LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]], ID["EPSG",4977]]], METHOD["GravityRelatedHeight to Geographic3D", ID["PROJ","HEIGHT_TO_GEOGRAPHIC3D"]], PARAMETERFILE["Geoid (height correction) model file","SWEN17_RH2000.gtx"], USAGE[ SCOPE["unknown"], AREA["Sweden - onshore"], BBOX[55.28,10.93,69.07,24.17]], ID["PROJ","EPSG_5613_TO_EPSG_4977"]] Testing NAD83(2011) + NAVD88 height -> NAD83(2011) : projinfo -s EPSG:6349 -t EPSG:6319 --spatial-test intersects -o PROJ Candidate operations found: 2 ------------------------------------- Operation No. 1: unknown id, Inverse of NAD83(2011) to NAVD88 height (3), 0.015 m, USA - CONUS - onshore PROJ string: +proj=pipeline +step +proj=axisswap +order=2,1 +step +proj=unitconvert +xy_in=deg +xy_out=rad +step +proj=vgridshift +grids=us_noaa_g2018u0.tif +multiplier=1 +step +proj=unitconvert +xy_in=rad +xy_out=deg +step +proj=axisswap +order=2,1 ------------------------------------- Operation No. 2: unknown id, Inverse of NAD83(2011) to NAVD88 height (2), 0.02 m, USA - Alaska PROJ string: +proj=pipeline +step +proj=axisswap +order=2,1 +step +proj=unitconvert +xy_in=deg +xy_out=rad +step +proj=vgridshift +grids=us_noaa_g2012ba0.tif +multiplier=1 +step +proj=unitconvert +xy_in=rad +xy_out=deg +step +proj=axisswap +order=2,1 Testing NGF IGN69 height to RGF93: projinfo -s EPSG:5720 -t EPSG:4965 -o PROJ Candidate operations found: 2 ------------------------------------- Operation No. 1: INVERSE(DERIVED_FROM(EPSG)):8885, Inverse of RGF93 to NGF IGN69 height (3), 0.01 m, France - mainland onshore PROJ string: +proj=vgridshift +grids=fr_ign_RAF18.tif +multiplier=1 ------------------------------------- Operation No. 2: INVERSE(EPSG):10000, Inverse of RGF93 to NGF IGN69 height (1), 0.5 m, France - mainland onshore PROJ string: +proj=vgridshift +grids=ggf97a.txt +multiplier=1 Testing EPSG:32631 --3d PROJ.4 string: +proj=utm +zone=31 +datum=WGS84 +units=m +no_defs +type=crs WKT2:2019 string: PROJCRS["WGS 84 / UTM zone 31N", BASEGEOGCRS["WGS 84", DATUM["World Geodetic System 1984", ELLIPSOID["WGS 84",6378137,298.257223563, LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]], PRIMEM["Greenwich",0, ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], ID["EPSG",4979]], CONVERSION["UTM zone 31N", METHOD["Transverse Mercator", ID["EPSG",9807]], PARAMETER["Latitude of natural origin",0, ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433], ID["EPSG",8801]], PARAMETER["Longitude of natural origin",3, ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433], ID["EPSG",8802]], PARAMETER["Scale factor at natural origin",0.9996, SCALEUNIT["unity",1], ID["EPSG",8805]], PARAMETER["False easting",500000, LENGTHUNIT["metre",1], ID["EPSG",8806]], PARAMETER["False northing",0, LENGTHUNIT["metre",1], ID["EPSG",8807]], ID["EPSG",16031]], CS[Cartesian,3], AXIS["(E)",east, ORDER[1], LENGTHUNIT["metre",1, ID["EPSG",9001]]], AXIS["(N)",north, ORDER[2], LENGTHUNIT["metre",1, ID["EPSG",9001]]], AXIS["ellipsoidal height (h)",up, ORDER[3], LENGTHUNIT["metre",1, ID["EPSG",9001]]]] Testing -s EPSG:32631 -t EPSG:4326+3855 --summary Candidate operations found: 3 unknown id, Inverse of UTM zone 31N + WGS 84 to EGM2008 height (1), 1 m, World unknown id, Inverse of UTM zone 31N + WGS 84 to EGM2008 height (2), 0.5 m, World unknown id, Inverse of UTM zone 31N + Inverse of Transformation from EGM2008 height to WGS 84 (ballpark vertical transformation, without ellipsoid height to vertical height correction), unknown accuracy, World, has ballpark transformation Testing -s EPSG:32631 -t EPSG:4326+3855 --3d --summary Candidate operations found: 3 unknown id, Inverse of UTM zone 31N + WGS 84 to EGM2008 height (1), 1 m, World unknown id, Inverse of UTM zone 31N + WGS 84 to EGM2008 height (2), 0.5 m, World unknown id, Inverse of UTM zone 31N + Inverse of Transformation from EGM2008 height to WGS 84 (ballpark vertical transformation, without ellipsoid height to vertical height correction), unknown accuracy, World, has ballpark transformation Testing -s EPSG:4936 -t EPSG:4978 --spatial-test intersects --summary where WGS 84 to ETRS89 (2) uses a transformation method not supported by PROJ currently (time-specific Helmert), and thus must be sorted last Candidate operations found: 2 unknown id, Ballpark geocentric translation from ETRS89 to WGS 84, unknown accuracy, World, has ballpark transformation INVERSE(EPSG):9225, Inverse of WGS 84 to ETRS89 (2), 0.1 m, Europe - offshore North Sea - Germany and Netherlands east of 5°E Testing -s +proj=longlat +datum=WGS84 +geoidgrids=@foo.gtx +type=crs -t EPSG:4326 -o PROJ -q +proj=pipeline +step +proj=unitconvert +xy_in=deg +xy_out=rad +step +proj=vgridshift +grids=@foo.gtx +multiplier=1 +step +proj=unitconvert +xy_in=rad +xy_out=deg +step +proj=axisswap +order=2,1 Testing -s "GDA94" -t "WGS 84 (G1762)" --spatial-test intersects --summary. Should include transformations through ITRF2008 and GDA2020 Candidate operations found: 6 unknown id, GDA94 to GDA2020 (1) + Conversion from GDA2020 (geog2D) to GDA2020 (geocentric) + GDA2020 to WGS 84 (G1762) (1) + Conversion from WGS 84 (G1762) (geocentric) to WGS 84 (G1762) (geog2D), 0.21 m, Australia - GDA unknown id, Conversion from GDA94 (geog2D) to GDA94 (geocentric) + Inverse of ITRF2008 to GDA94 (1) + Inverse of WGS 84 (G1762) to ITRF2008 (1) + Conversion from WGS 84 (G1762) (geocentric) to WGS 84 (G1762) (geog2D), 0.04 m, Australia - onshore and EEZ unknown id, GDA94 to GDA2020 (2) + Conversion from GDA2020 (geog2D) to GDA2020 (geocentric) + GDA2020 to WGS 84 (G1762) (1) + Conversion from WGS 84 (G1762) (geocentric) to WGS 84 (G1762) (geog2D), 0.25 m, Australia - onshore unknown id, GDA94 to GDA2020 (3) + Conversion from GDA2020 (geog2D) to GDA2020 (geocentric) + GDA2020 to WGS 84 (G1762) (1) + Conversion from WGS 84 (G1762) (geocentric) to WGS 84 (G1762) (geog2D), 0.25 m, Australia - onshore unknown id, GDA94 to GDA2020 (5) + Conversion from GDA2020 (geog2D) to GDA2020 (geocentric) + GDA2020 to WGS 84 (G1762) (1) + Conversion from WGS 84 (G1762) (geocentric) to WGS 84 (G1762) (geog2D), 0.25 m, Cocos (Keeling) Islands - onshore unknown id, GDA94 to GDA2020 (4) + Conversion from GDA2020 (geog2D) to GDA2020 (geocentric) + GDA2020 to WGS 84 (G1762) (1) + Conversion from WGS 84 (G1762) (geocentric) to WGS 84 (G1762) (geog2D), 0.25 m, Christmas Island - onshore Testing -s "AGD66" -t "WGS 84 (G1762)" --spatial-test intersects --summary. Should include a transformation through GDA2020 Candidate operations found: 11 unknown id, AGD66 to WGS 84 (18) + WGS 84 to WGS 84 (G1762), 5 m, Australia - offshore unknown id, AGD66 to WGS 84 (16) + WGS 84 to WGS 84 (G1762), 7 m, Australia - onshore unknown id, AGD66 to WGS 84 (15) + WGS 84 to WGS 84 (G1762), 3 m, Australia - Northern Territory unknown id, AGD66 to WGS 84 (13) + WGS 84 to WGS 84 (G1762), 3 m, Australia - New South Wales and Victoria unknown id, AGD66 to WGS 84 (21) + WGS 84 to WGS 84 (G1762), 7 m, Papua New Guinea - mainland onshore unknown id, AGD66 to WGS 84 (14) + WGS 84 to WGS 84 (G1762), 3 m, Australia - Tasmania unknown id, AGD66 to WGS 84 (19) + WGS 84 to WGS 84 (G1762), 4 m, Papua New Guinea - PFTB unknown id, AGD66 to WGS 84 (23) + WGS 84 to WGS 84 (G1762), 6 m, Papua New Guinea - North Fly unknown id, AGD66 to GDA2020 (1) + Conversion from GDA2020 (geog2D) to GDA2020 (geocentric) + GDA2020 to WGS 84 (G1762) (1) + Conversion from WGS 84 (G1762) (geocentric) to WGS 84 (G1762) (geog2D), 0.25 m, Australia - Australian Capital Territory unknown id, AGD66 to WGS 84 (17) + WGS 84 to WGS 84 (G1762), 3 m, Australia - onshore unknown id, Ballpark geographic offset from AGD66 to WGS 84 (G1762), unknown accuracy, World, has ballpark transformation Testing -s EPSG:31467 -t ETRS89 --spatial-test intersects --grid-check none --bbox 8,48,9,49 --summary. Should include both DHDN to ETRS89 (8) and DHDN to ETRS89 (BWTA2017) Candidate operations found: 4 unknown id, Inverse of 3-degree Gauss-Kruger zone 3 + DHDN to ETRS89 (BWTA2017), 0.89 m, Germany - Baden-Wurtemberg unknown id, Inverse of 3-degree Gauss-Kruger zone 3 + DHDN to ETRS89 (8), 0.9 m, Germany - onshore unknown id, Inverse of 3-degree Gauss-Kruger zone 3 + DHDN to ETRS89 (3), 1 m, Germany - West Germany S unknown id, Inverse of 3-degree Gauss-Kruger zone 3 + DHDN to ETRS89 (2), 3 m, Germany - West Germany all states Testing -s "GDA94" -t "AHD height" --grid-check none -o PROJ --spatial-test intersects Candidate operations found: 1 ------------------------------------- Operation No. 1: DERIVED_FROM(EPSG):5656, GDA94 to AHD height (49), 0.03 m, Australia - mainland PROJ string: +proj=pipeline +step +inv +proj=vgridshift +grids=au_ga_AUSGeoid09_V1.01.tif +multiplier=1 Testing -s "GDA2020" -t "AHD height" --grid-check none -o PROJ --spatial-test intersects Candidate operations found: 1 ------------------------------------- Operation No. 1: DERIVED_FROM(EPSG):8451, GDA2020 to AHD height (1), 0.03 m, Australia Christmas and Cocos - onshore PROJ string: +proj=pipeline +step +inv +proj=vgridshift +grids=au_ga_AUSGeoid2020_20180201.tif +multiplier=1 Testing -k ellipsoid WGS84 PROJ string: +ellps=WGS84 WKT2:2019 string: ELLIPSOID["WGS 84",6378137,298.257223563, LENGTHUNIT["metre",1], ID["EPSG",7030]] Testing -k ellipsoid EPSG:7030 PROJ string: +ellps=WGS84 WKT2:2019 string: ELLIPSOID["WGS 84",6378137,298.257223563, LENGTHUNIT["metre",1], ID["EPSG",7030]] Testing -k datum WGS84 WKT2:2019 string: DATUM["World Geodetic System 1984", ELLIPSOID["WGS 84",6378137,298.257223563, LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]], ID["EPSG",6326]] Testing -k datum EPSG:6326 WKT2:2019 string: DATUM["World Geodetic System 1984", ELLIPSOID["WGS 84",6378137,298.257223563, LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]], ID["EPSG",6326]] Testing -k operation EPSG:8457 -o PROJ -q +proj=pipeline +step +proj=axisswap +order=2,1 +step +proj=unitconvert +xy_in=deg +xy_out=rad +step +proj=push +v_3 +step +proj=cart +ellps=bessel +step +proj=helmert +x=674.374 +y=15.056 +z=405.346 +step +inv +proj=cart +ellps=WGS84 +step +proj=pop +v_3 +step +proj=unitconvert +xy_in=rad +xy_out=deg +step +proj=axisswap +order=2,1