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| author | Frank Warmerdam <warmerdam@pobox.com> | 2005-10-14 13:15:08 +0000 |
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| committer | Frank Warmerdam <warmerdam@pobox.com> | 2005-10-14 13:15:08 +0000 |
| commit | 87f150f1d9e634f83cb8945abce2577a46bd7ed7 (patch) | |
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| parent | 716a79780f33e48e1088d243173b03090581d1b5 (diff) | |
| download | PROJ-87f150f1d9e634f83cb8945abce2577a46bd7ed7.tar.gz PROJ-87f150f1d9e634f83cb8945abce2577a46bd7ed7.zip | |
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diff --git a/html/man_cs2cs.html b/html/man_cs2cs.html new file mode 100644 index 00000000..edc34d7a --- /dev/null +++ b/html/man_cs2cs.html @@ -0,0 +1,301 @@ +Content-type: text/html + +<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Manpage of PROJ</TITLE> +</HEAD><BODY> +<H1>PROJ</H1> +Section: User Commands (1)<BR>Updated: 2000/03/21 Rel. 4.4<BR><A HREF="#index">Index</A> +<A HREF="../index.html">Return to Main Contents</A><HR> + +<A NAME="lbAB"> </A> +<H2>NAME</H2> + +cs2cs - cartographic coordinate system filter +<A NAME="lbAC"> </A> +<H2>SYNOPSIS</H2> + +<B>cs2cs</B> + +[ +<B>-eEfIlrstvwW</B> + +[ +<I>args</I> + +] ] [ +<B>+opts[=arg]</B> + +] +<BR> + +<BR> [ <B>+to</B> [<B>+opts</B>[<B>=arg</B>]] ] +file[s] +<A NAME="lbAD"> </A> +<H2>DESCRIPTION</H2> + +<I>Cs2cs</I> + +performs transformation between the source and destination cartographic +coordinate system on a set of input points. The coordinate system +transformation can include translation between projected and geographic +coordinates as well as the application of datum shifts. +<P> + +The following control parameters can appear in any order: +<DL COMPACT> +<DT><B>-I</B> + +<DD> +method to specify inverse translation, convert from <B>+to</B> coordinate +system to the primary coordinate system defined. +<DT><B>-t</B><I>a</I> + +<DD> +<I>A</I> + +specifies a character employed as the first character to denote +a control line to be passed through without processing. +This option applicable to ascii input only. +(# is the default value). +<DT><B>-e</B><I> string</I> + +<DD> +<I>String</I> + +is an arbitrary string to be output if an error is detected during +data transformations. +The default value is: *\t*. +Note that if the +<B>-b,</B> + +<B>-i</B> + +or +<B>-o</B> + +options are employed, an error is returned as HUGE_VAL +value for both return values. +<DT><B>-E</B> + +<DD> +causes the input coordinates to be copied to the output line +prior to printing the converted values. +<DT><B>-l</B><I>[p|P|=|e|u|d]</I><B>id</B> + +<DD> +List projection identifiers with +<B>-l,</B> + +<B>-lp</B> + +or +<B>-lP (expanded)</B> + +that can be selected with +<B>+proj.</B> + +<B>-l=</B><I>id</I> + +gives expanded description of projection +<I>id.</I> + +List ellipsoid identifiers with +<B>-le,</B> + +that can be selected with +<B>+ellps,</B> + +<B>-lu</B> + +list of cartesian to meter conversion factors +that can be selected with +<B>+units</B> + +or +<B>-ld</B> + +list of datums that can be selected with +<B>+datum.</B> + +<DT><B>-r</B> + +<DD> +This options reverses the order of the +expected input from longitude-latitude or x-y to latitude-longitude or y-x. +<DT><B>-s</B> + +<DD> +This options reverses the order of the +output from x-y or longitude-latitude to y-x or latitude-longitude. +<DT><B>-f</B><I> format</I> + +<DD> +<I>Format</I> + +is a +<I>printf</I> + +format string to control the form of the output values. +For inverse projections, the output will be in degrees when this option +is employed. +If a format is specified for inverse projection the +output data will be in decimal degrees. +The default format is "%.2f" for forward projection and DMS +for inverse. +<DT><B>-[w|W]</B><I>n</I> + +<DD> +<I>N</I> + +is the number of significant fractional digits to employ for +seconds output (when the option is not specified, +<B>-w3</B> + +is assumed). +When +<B>-W</B> + +is employed the fields will be constant width and with leading zeroes. +<DT><B>-v</B> + +<DD> +causes a listing of cartographic control parameters tested for and +used by the program to be printed prior to input data. +</DL> +<P> + +The +<B>+args</B> + +run-line arguments are associated with cartographic parameters +and usage varies with projection and for a complete description see +<I>Cartographic Projection Procedures for the UNIX Environment---A User's Manual )</I> + +and supplementary documentation for Release 4. +<P> + +The <I>cs2cs</I> program requires two coordinate system definitions. The +first (or primary is defined based on all projection parameters not +appearing after the <B>+to</B> argument. All projection parameters +appearing after the <B>+to</B> argument are considered the definition +of the second coordinate system. If there is no second coordinate system +defined, a geographic coordinate system based on the datum and ellipsoid of +the source coordinate system is assumed. Note that the source and destination +coordinate system can both be projections, both be geographic, or one of +each and may have the same or different datums. +<P> + +Additional projection control parameters may be contained in two +auxilliary control files: +the first is optionally referenced with the +<B>+init=</B><I>file:id</I> + +and the second is always processed after the name +of the projection has been established from either the run-line +or the contents of +<B>+init</B> + +file. +The environment parameter +<B>PROJ_LIB</B> + +establishes the default directory for a file reference without +an absolute path. This is also used for supporting files like +datum shift files. +<P> + +One or more +<I>files</I> + +(processed in left to right order) +specify the source of data to be transformed. +A - will specify the location of processing standard input. +If no files are specified, the input is assumed to be from +<I>stdin.</I> + +For input data the two data values must be in the +first two white space separated fields and +when both input and output are ASCII all trailing portions +of the input line are appended to the output line. +<P> + +Input geographic data +(longitude and latitude) must be in DMS format and input +cartesian data must be in units consistent with the ellipsoid +major axis or sphere radius units. +Output geographic coordinates will be in DMS +(if the +<B>-w</B> + +switch is not employed) and precise to 0.001" +with trailing, zero-valued minute-second fields deleted. +<A NAME="lbAE"> </A> +<H2>EXAMPLE</H2> + +The following script +<DL COMPACT><DT><DD> +<BR> <TT>cs2cs +proj=latlong +datum=NAD83 +<BR> +to +proj=utm +zone=10 +datum=NAD27 -r <<EOF +<BR> 45d15'33.1"<TT> </TT>111.5W<BR> +<BR> 45d15.551666667N<TT> </TT>-111d30<BR> +<BR> +45.25919444444<TT> </TT>111d30'000w<BR> +<BR> EOF</TT> +</DL> + +will transform the input NAD83 geographic coordinates into NAD27 coordinates +in the UTM projection with zone 10 selected. +The geographic values of this example are equivalent and meant +as examples of various forms of DMS input. +The x-y output data will appear as three lines of: +<DL COMPACT><DT><DD> +<BR> <TT>1402285.99 5076292.42 0.000 +</DL> + +</TT><A NAME="lbAF"> </A> +<H2>SEE ALSO</H2> + +<B><A HREF="../man1U/proj.1U.html">proj</A>(1U),</B> + +<BR> + +<I>Cartographic Projection Procedures for the UNIX Environment---A User's Manual,</I> + +(Evenden, 1990, Open-file report 90-284). +<BR> + +<I>Map Projections Used by the U. S. Geological Survey</I> + +(Snyder, 1984, +USGS Bulletin 1532). +<BR> + +<I>Map Projections---A Working Manual</I> + +(Synder, 1988, USGS Prof. Paper 1395). +<BR> + +<I>An Album of Map Projections</I> + +(Snyder & Voxland, 1989, USGS Prof. Paper 1453). +<A NAME="lbAG"> </A> +<H2>HOME PAGE</H2> + +<A HREF="http://www.remotesensing.org/proj">http://www.remotesensing.org/proj</A> +<P> + +<HR> +<A NAME="index"> </A><H2>Index</H2> +<DL> +<DT><A HREF="#lbAB">NAME</A><DD> +<DT><A HREF="#lbAC">SYNOPSIS</A><DD> +<DT><A HREF="#lbAD">DESCRIPTION</A><DD> +<DT><A HREF="#lbAE">EXAMPLE</A><DD> +<DT><A HREF="#lbAF">SEE ALSO</A><DD> +<DT><A HREF="#lbAG">HOME PAGE</A><DD> +</DL> +<HR> +This document was created by +<A HREF="http://localhost/cgi-bin/man/man2html">man2html</A>, +using the manual pages.<BR> +Time: 13:14:44 GMT, October 14, 2005 +</BODY> +</HTML> diff --git a/html/man_geod.html b/html/man_geod.html new file mode 100644 index 00000000..e9622c5c --- /dev/null +++ b/html/man_geod.html @@ -0,0 +1,307 @@ +Content-type: text/html + +<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Manpage of GEOD</TITLE> +</HEAD><BODY> +<H1>GEOD</H1> +Section: User Commands (1)<BR>Updated: 2000/03/21 Rel. 4.4<BR><A HREF="#index">Index</A> +<A HREF="../index.html">Return to Main Contents</A><HR> + +<A NAME="lbAB"> </A> +<H2>NAME</H2> + +geod - direct geodesic computations +<BR> + +invgeod - inverse geodesic computations +<A NAME="lbAC"> </A> +<H2>SYNOPSIS</H2> + +<B>geod</B> + +<B>+ellps=<ellipse></B> + +[ +<B>-afFIlptwW</B> + +[ +<I>args</I> + +] ] [ +<B>+args</B> + +] +file[s] +<BR> + +<B>invgeod</B> + +<B>+ellps=<ellipse></B> + +[ +<B>-afFIlptwW</B> + +[ +<I>args</I> + +] ] [ +<B>+args</B> + +] +file[s] +<A NAME="lbAD"> </A> +<H2>DESCRIPTION</H2> + +<I>Geod</I> + +(direct) and +<I>invgeod</I> + +(inverse) +perform geodesic (``Great Circle'') computations for determining +latitude, longitude and back azimuth of a terminus point +given a initial point latitude, longitude, azimuth and distance (direct) or +the forward and back azimuths and distance between an initial and +terminus point latitudes and longitudes (inverse). +<P> + +The following runline control parameters can appear in any order: +<DL COMPACT> +<DT><B>-I</B> + +<DD> +Specifies that the inverse geodesic computation is to be performed. +May be used with execution of +<B>goed</B> + +as an alternative to +<B>invgeod</B> + +execution. +<DT><B>-a</B> + +<DD> +Latitude and longitudes of the initial and terminal points, +forward and back azimuths and distance are output. +<DT><B>-t</B><I>a</I> + +<DD> +<I>A</I> + +specifies a character employed as the first character to denote +a control line to be passed through without processing. +<DT><B>-le</B> + +<DD> +Gives a listing of all the ellipsoids that may be selected with the +<B>+ellps=</B> + +option. +<DT><B>-lu</B> + +<DD> +Gives a listing of all the units that may be selected with the +<B>+units=</B> + +option. +<DT><B>-[f|F]</B><I> format</I> + +<DD> +<I>Format</I> + +is a +<I>printf</I> + +format string to control the output form of the geographic coordinate values +(<B>f</B>) or distance value (<B>F</B>). +The default mode is DMS for geographic coordinates and "%.3f" for distance. +<DT><B>-[w|W]</B><I>n</I> + +<DD> +<I>N</I> + +is the number of significant fractional digits to employ for +seconds output (when the option is not specified, +<B>-w3</B> + +is assumed). +When +<B>-W</B> + +is employed the fields will be constant width with leading zeroes. +<DT><B>-p</B> + +<DD> +This option causes the azimuthal values to be output as unsigned +DMS numbers between 0 and 360 degrees. Also note -f. +</DL> +<P> + +The +<B>+args</B> + +run-line arguments are associated with geodetic parameters +for specifying the ellipsoidal or sphere to use. +See +<B>proj</B> + +documentation for full list of these parameters and contrl. +The options are processed in left to right order +from the run line. +Reentry of an option is ignored with the first occurance assumed to +be the desired value. +<P> + +One or more +<I>files</I> + +(processed in left to right order) +specify the source of data to be transformed. +A - will specify the location of processing standard input. +If no files are specified, the input is assumed to be from +<I>stdin.</I> + +<P> + +For direct determinations input data must be in latitude, +longitude, azimuth and distance order and output will be +latitude, longitude and back azimuth of the terminus point. +Latitude, longitude of the initial and terminus point are +input for the inverse mode and respective forward and back +azimuth from the initial and terminus points are output along +with the distance between the points. +<P> + +Input geographic coordinates +(latitude and longitude) and azimuthal data must be in DMS format and input +distance data must be in units consistent with the ellipsoid +major axis or sphere radius units. +Output geographic coordinates will be in DMS +(if the +<B>-f</B> + +switch is not employed) to 0.001" +with trailing, zero-valued minute-second fields deleted. +Output distance data will be in the same units as the ellipsoid or +sphere radius. +<P> + +The Earth's ellipsoidal figure may be selected in the same +manner as program +<B>proj</B> + +by using +<B>+ellps=, +a=, +es=,</B> + +etc. +<P> + +<I>Geod</I> + +may also be used to determine intermediate points along either +a geodesic line between two points or along an arc of specified distance +from a geographic point. +In both cases an initial point must be specified with +<B>+lat_1=</B><I>lat</I> + +and +<B>+lon_1=</B><I>lon</I> + +parameters and either a terminus point +<B>+lat_2=</B><I>lat</I> + +and +<B>+lon_2=</B><I>lon</I> + +or a distance and azimuth from the initial point with +<B>+S=</B><I>distance</I> + +and +<B>+A=</B><I>azimuth</I> + +must be specified. +<P> + +If points along a geodesic are to be determined then either +<B>+n_S=</B><I>integer</I> + +specifying the number of intermediate points and/or +<B>+del_S=</B><I>distance</I> + +specifying the incremental distance between points must be specified. +<P> + +To determine points along an arc equidistant from the initial point both +<B>+del_A=</B><I>angle</I> + +and +<B>+n_A=</B><I>integer</I> + +must be specified which determine the respective angular increments +and number of points to be determined. + +<A NAME="lbAE"> </A> +<H2>EXAMPLE</H2> + +The following script determines the geodesic azimuths and distance in +U.S. stature miles from Boston, MA, to Portland, OR: +<DL COMPACT><DT><DD> +<BR> <TT>geod +ellps=clrk66 <<EOF -I +units=us-mi +<BR> 42d15'N 71d07'W 45d31'N 123d41'W +<BR> EOF</TT> +</DL> + +which gives the results: +<DL COMPACT><DT><DD> +<BR> <TT>-66d31'50.141" 75d39'13.083" 2587.504 +</DL> + +where the first two values are the +azimuth from Boston to Portland, the back azimuth from Portland to +Boston followed by the distance. +<P> + +An example of forward geodesic use is to use the Boston location and determine +Portland's location by azimuth and distance: +<DL COMPACT><DT><DD> +<BR> geod +ellps=clrk66 <<EOF +units=us-mi +<BR> 42d15'N 71d07'W -66d31'50.141" 2587.504 +<BR> EOF</TT> +</DL> + +which gives: +<DL COMPACT><DT><DD> +<BR> <TT>45d31'0.003"N 123d40'59.985"W 75d39'13.094"</TT> +</DL> + +Note: lack of precision in the distance value compromises +the precision of the Portland location. +<A NAME="lbAF"> </A> +<H2>SEE ALSO</H2> + +Thomas, P.D., 1970, +<I>Spheroidal Geodesics, Reference Systems & Local Geometry:</I> + +U.S. Naval Oceanographic Office, S-138. +<A NAME="lbAG"> </A> +<H2>HOME PAGE</H2> + +<A HREF="http://www.remotesensing.org/proj">http://www.remotesensing.org/proj</A> +<P> + +<HR> +<A NAME="index"> </A><H2>Index</H2> +<DL> +<DT><A HREF="#lbAB">NAME</A><DD> +<DT><A HREF="#lbAC">SYNOPSIS</A><DD> +<DT><A HREF="#lbAD">DESCRIPTION</A><DD> +<DT><A HREF="#lbAE">EXAMPLE</A><DD> +<DT><A HREF="#lbAF">SEE ALSO</A><DD> +<DT><A HREF="#lbAG">HOME PAGE</A><DD> +</DL> +<HR> +This document was created by +<A HREF="http://localhost/cgi-bin/man/man2html">man2html</A>, +using the manual pages.<BR> +Time: 13:14:56 GMT, October 14, 2005 +</BODY> +</HTML> diff --git a/html/man_pj_init.html b/html/man_pj_init.html new file mode 100644 index 00000000..e46a5a03 --- /dev/null +++ b/html/man_pj_init.html @@ -0,0 +1,159 @@ +Content-type: text/html + +<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Manpage of PJ_INIT</TITLE> +</HEAD><BODY> +<H1>PJ_INIT</H1> +Section: Misc. Reference Manual Pages (3U)<BR>Updated: 2001/04/05 Rel. 4.4<BR><A HREF="#index">Index</A> +<A HREF="../index.html">Return to Main Contents</A><HR> + + + +<A NAME="lbAB"> </A> +<H2>NAME</H2> + +pj_init - initialize cartographic projection +<BR> + +pj_init_plus - initialize cartographic projection +<BR> + +pj_fwd - forward cartographic projection +<BR> + +pj_inv - inverse cartographic projection +<BR> + +pj_transform - transform between coordinate systems +<BR> + +pj_free - de-initialize projection +<A NAME="lbAC"> </A> +<H2>SYNOPSIS</H2> + +<PRE> +#include <<A HREF="file:/usr/include/proj_api.h">proj_api.h</A>> + +projPJ pj_init(int argc, char **argv) + +projPJ pj_init_plus(const char *defn) + +projUV pj_fwd(projUV val, projPJ proj) + +projUV pj_inv(projUV val, projPJ proj) + +int pj_transform(projPJ src_cs, projPJ dst_cs, long point_count, + double *x, double *y, double *z) + +void pj_free(projPJ proj) + +</PRE><A NAME="lbAD"> </A> +<H2>DESCRIPTION</H2> + +Procedure <B>pj_init</B> selects and initializes a cartographic projection +with its argument control parameters. +<B>Argc</B> is the number of elements in the array of control strings +<B>argv</B> that each contain individual cartographic control keyword +assignments (<TT>+</TT> <B>proj</B> arguments). +The list must contain at least the <B>proj=</B><I>projection</I> and +Earth's radius or elliptical parameters. +If the initialization of the projection is successful a valid +address is returned otherwise a NULL value. +<P> +The <B>pj_init_plus</B> function operates similarly to <B>pj_init</B> but +takes a single string containing the definition, with each parameter +prefixed with a plus sign. For example "+proj=utm +zone=11 +ellps=WGS84". +<P> +Once initialization is performed either forward or inverse +projections can be performed with the returned value of <B>pj_init</B> +used as the argument <B>proj</B>. +The argument structure <B>projUV</B> values <B>u</B> and <B>v</B> contain +respective longitude and latitude or x and y. +Latitude and longitude are in radians. +If a projection operation fails, both elements of <B>projUV</B> are +set to HUGE_VAL (defined in <I>math.h</I>). +<P> +<B>Note:</B> all projections have a forward mode, but some do not have +an inverse projection. +If the projection does not have an inverse the projPJ structure element +<I>inv</I> will be NULL. +<P> +The <B>pj_transform</B> function may be used to transform points between +the two provided coordinate systems. In addition to converting between +cartographic projection coordinates and geographic coordinates, this function +also takes care of datum shifts if possible between the source and destination +coordinate system. Unlike <B>pj_fwd</B> and <B>pj_inv</B> it is also allowable +for the coordinate system definitions (<B>PJ *</B>) to be geographic coordinate +systems (defined as +proj=latlong). The <B>x</B>, <B>y</B> and <B>z</B> arrays +contain the input values of the points, and are replaced with the output +values. The function returns zero on success, or the error number (also in +pj_errno) on failure. +<P> +Memory associated with the projection may be freed with <B>pj_free</B>. +<A NAME="lbAE"> </A> +<H2>EXAMPLE</H2> + +The following program reads latitude and longitude values in decimal +degress, performs Mercator projection with a Clarke 1866 ellipsoid and +a 33° latitude of true scale and prints the projected +cartesian values in meters: +<PRE> +<TT> +#include <<A HREF="file:/usr/include/proj_api.h">proj_api.h</A>> + +main(int argc, char **argv) { + char *args[] = { "proj=merc", "ellps=clrk66", "lat_ts=33" }; + projUV p; + projPJ pj; + + if (!(pj = pj_init(3, args))) + <A HREF="../man1/exit.1.html">exit</A>(1); + while (scanf("%lf %lf", &p.v, &p.u) == 2) { + p.u *= DEG_TO_RAD; + p.v *= DEG_TO_RAD; + p = pj_fwd(p, pj); + printf("%.2f\t%.2f\n", p.u, p.v); + } + exit(0); +} </TT> +<BR> +</PRE> + +<A NAME="lbAF"> </A> +<H2>LIBRARY</H2> + +libproj.a - library of projections and support procedures +<A NAME="lbAG"> </A> +<H2>SEE ALSO</H2> + +<B><A HREF="../man1U/proj.1U.html">proj</A>(1U),</B> + +<BR> + +<I>Cartographic Projection Procedures for the UNIX Environment---A User's Manual,</I> + +(Evenden, 1990, Open-file report 90-284). +<A NAME="lbAH"> </A> +<H2>HOME PAGE</H2> + +<A HREF="http://www.remotesensing.org/proj">http://www.remotesensing.org/proj</A> +<P> +<P> + +<HR> +<A NAME="index"> </A><H2>Index</H2> +<DL> +<DT><A HREF="#lbAB">NAME</A><DD> +<DT><A HREF="#lbAC">SYNOPSIS</A><DD> +<DT><A HREF="#lbAD">DESCRIPTION</A><DD> +<DT><A HREF="#lbAE">EXAMPLE</A><DD> +<DT><A HREF="#lbAF">LIBRARY</A><DD> +<DT><A HREF="#lbAG">SEE ALSO</A><DD> +<DT><A HREF="#lbAH">HOME PAGE</A><DD> +</DL> +<HR> +This document was created by +<A HREF="http://localhost/cgi-bin/man/man2html">man2html</A>, +using the manual pages.<BR> +Time: 13:14:22 GMT, October 14, 2005 +</BODY> +</HTML> |