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-.\" @(#)geod.1
-.\"
-.ad b
-.hy 1
-.TH GEOD 1 "2018/02/15 Rel. 5.0.0"
+.\" Man page generated from reStructuredText.
+.
+.TH "GEOD" "1" "Mar 18, 2018" "5.0.0" "PROJ.4"
 .SH NAME
-geod \- direct geodesic computations
-.br
-invgeod \- inverse geodesic computations
+geod \- Geodesic computations
+.
+.nr rst2man-indent-level 0
+.
+.de1 rstReportMargin
+\\$1 \\n[an-margin]
+level \\n[rst2man-indent-level]
+level margin: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
+-
+\\n[rst2man-indent0]
+\\n[rst2man-indent1]
+\\n[rst2man-indent2]
+..
+.de1 INDENT
+.\" .rstReportMargin pre:
+. RS \\$1
+. nr rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level] \\n[an-margin]
+. nr rst2man-indent-level +1
+.\" .rstReportMargin post:
+..
+.de UNINDENT
+. RE
+.\" indent \\n[an-margin]
+.\" old: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
+.nr rst2man-indent-level -1
+.\" new: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
+.in \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]u
+..
 .SH SYNOPSIS
-.B geod
-.B +ellps=<ellipse>
-[
-.B \-afFIlptwW
-[
-.I args
-] ] [
-.B +args
-]
-file[s]
-.br
-.B invgeod
-.B +ellps=<ellipse>
-[
-.B \-afFIlptwW
-[
-.I args
-] ] [
-.B +args
-]
-file[s]
+.INDENT 0.0
+.INDENT 3.5
+\fBgeod\fP \fI+ellps=<ellipse>\fP [ \fB\-afFIlptwW\fP [ args ] ] [ \fI+args\fP ] file[s]
+.sp
+\fBinvgeod\fP \fI+ellps=<ellipse>\fP [ \fB\-afFIlptwW\fP [ args  ]  ]  [ \fI+args\fP  ] file[s]
+.UNINDENT
+.UNINDENT
 .SH DESCRIPTION
-.I geod
-(direct) and
-.I invgeod
-(inverse)
-perform geodesic ("Great Circle") computations for determining
-latitude, longitude and back azimuth of a terminus point
-given a initial point latitude, longitude, azimuth and distance (direct) or
-the forward and back azimuths and distance between an initial and
-terminus point latitudes and longitudes (inverse).  The results are
-accurate to round off for |\fIf\fR| < 1/50, where \fIf\fR is flattening.
-.B invgeod
-may not be available on all platforms; in this case call
-.B geod
-with the
-.B \-I
-option.
-.PP
-The following command-line options can appear in any order:
+.sp
+\fBgeod\fP  (direct)  and  \fBinvgeod\fP (inverse) perform geodesic
+(Great Circle) computations for determining latitude,  longitude  and back
+azimuth  of  a terminus point given a initial point latitude, longitude,
+azimuth and distance (direct) or  the  forward and  back azimuths and distance
+between an initial and terminus point latitudes and  longitudes  (inverse).
+The  results  are accurate  to  round  off for |f| < 1/50, where
+f is flattening.
+.sp
+\fBinvgeod\fP may not be available on all  platforms;  in  this  case
+use \fI\%geod \-I\fP instead.
+.sp
+The following command\-line options can appear in any order:
+.INDENT 0.0
 .TP
 .B \-I
-Specifies that the inverse geodesic computation is to be performed.
-May be used with execution of
-.B geod
-as an alternative to
-.B invgeod
-execution.
+Specifies that the inverse geodesic computation is to be performed. May be
+used with execution of geod as an alternative to invgeod execution.
+.UNINDENT
+.INDENT 0.0
 .TP
 .B \-a
-Latitude and longitudes of the initial and terminal points,
-forward and back azimuths and distance are output.
+Latitude and longitudes of the initial and terminal points, forward and
+back azimuths and distance are  output.
+.UNINDENT
+.INDENT 0.0
 .TP
-.BI \-t "a"
-.I A
-specifies a character employed as the first character to denote
-a control line to be passed through without processing.
+.B \-ta
+A specifies a character employed as the first character to denote a control
+line to be passed through without processing.
+.UNINDENT
+.INDENT 0.0
 .TP
-.BI \-le
+.B \-le
 Gives a listing of all the ellipsoids that may be selected with the
-.B +ellps=
-option.
+\fI+ellps=\fP option.
+.UNINDENT
+.INDENT 0.0
 .TP
-.BI \-lu
-Gives a listing of all the units that may be selected with the
-.B +units=
+.B \-lu
+Gives a listing of all the units that  may  be  selected with the \fI+units=\fP
 option.
+.UNINDENT
+.INDENT 0.0
+.TP
+.B \-f <format>
+Format is a printf format string to control the output form of the
+geographic coordinate values. The default mode is DMS for geographic
+coordinates and “%.3f” for distance.
+.UNINDENT
+.INDENT 0.0
+.TP
+.B \-F <format>
+Format is a printf format string to control the output form of the distance
+value (\fB\-F\fP). The default mode is DMS for geographic coordinates and
+“%.3f” for distance.
+.UNINDENT
+.INDENT 0.0
 .TP
-.BI \-[f|F] " format"
-.I Format
-is a
-.I printf
-format string to control the output form of the geographic coordinate values
-(\fBf\fR) or distance value (\fBF\fR).
-The default mode is DMS for geographic coordinates and "%.3f" for distance.
+.B \-w<n>
+N is the number of significant fractional digits to employ for seconds
+output (when the option is not specified, \fB\-w3\fP is assumed).
+.UNINDENT
+.INDENT 0.0
 .TP
-.BI \-[w|W] n
-.I N
-is the number of significant fractional digits to employ for
-seconds output (when the option is not specified,
-.B \-w3
-is assumed).
-When
-.B \-W
-is employed the fields will be constant width with leading zeroes.
+.B \-W<n>
+N is the number of significant fractional digits to employ for seconds
+output. When \fB\-W\fP is employed the fields will be constant width
+with leading zeroes.
+.UNINDENT
+.INDENT 0.0
 .TP
 .B \-p
-This option causes the azimuthal values to be output as unsigned
-DMS numbers between 0 and 360 degrees.  Also note \-f.
-.PP
-The
-.B +args
-command-line options are associated with geodetic parameters
-for specifying the ellipsoidal or sphere to use.
-See
-.B proj
-documentation for full list of these parameters and controls.
-The options are processed in left to right order
-from the command line.
-Reentry of an option is ignored with the first occurrence assumed to
-be the desired value.
-.PP
-One or more
-.I files
-(processed in left to right order)
-specify the source of data to be transformed.
-A \- will specify the location of processing standard input.
-If no files are specified, the input is assumed to be from
-.I stdin.
-.PP
-For direct determinations input data must be in latitude,
-longitude, azimuth and distance order and output will be
-latitude, longitude and back azimuth of the terminus point.
-Latitude, longitude of the initial and terminus point are
-input for the inverse mode and respective forward and back
-azimuth from the initial and terminus points are output along
-with the distance between the points.
-.PP
-Input geographic coordinates (latitude and longitude) and azimuthal data
-must be in decimal degrees or DMS format and input distance data must be
-in units consistent with the ellipsoid major axis or sphere radius
-units.  The latitude must lie in the range [-90d,90d].  Output
-geographic coordinates will be in DMS (if the
-.B \-f
-switch is not employed) to 0.001"
-with trailing, zero-valued minute-second fields deleted.
-Output distance data will be in the same units as the ellipsoid or
-sphere radius.
-.PP
-The Earth's ellipsoidal figure may be selected in the same
-manner as program
-.B proj
-by using
-.B "+ellps=, +a=, +es=,"
-etc.
-.PP
-.I Geod
-may also be used to determine intermediate points along either
-a geodesic line between two points or along an arc of specified distance
-from a geographic point.
-In both cases an initial point must be specified with
-.BI +lat_1= lat
-and
-.BI +lon_1= lon
-parameters and either a terminus point
-.BI +lat_2= lat
-and
-.BI +lon_2= lon
-or a distance and azimuth from the initial point with
-.BI +S= distance
-and
-.BI +A= azimuth
-must be specified.
-.PP
-If points along a geodesic are to be determined then either
-.BI +n_S= integer
-specifying the number of intermediate points and/or
-.BI +del_S= distance
-specifying the incremental distance between points must be specified.
-.PP
-To determine points along an arc equidistant from the initial point both
-.BI +del_A= angle
-and
-.BI +n_A= integer
-must be specified which determine the respective angular increments
-and number of points to be determined.
-.RE
-.SH EXAMPLE
-The following script determines the geodesic azimuths and distance in
-U.S. statute miles from Boston, MA, to Portland, OR:
-.RS 5
- \f(CWgeod +ellps=clrk66 <<EOF \-I +units=us\-mi
- 42d15'N 71d07'W 45d31'N 123d41'W
- EOF\fR
-.RE
+This option causes the azimuthal values to be output as unsigned DMS
+numbers between 0 and 360 degrees. Also note \fI\%\-f\fP\&.
+.UNINDENT
+.sp
+The  \fI+args\fP  command\-line  options  are associated with geodetic
+parameters for specifying the ellipsoidal  or  sphere  to  use.
+controls.  The options are processed in  left  to  right  order
+from  the  command  line.  Reentry of an option is ignored with
+the first occurrence assumed to be the desired value.
+.sp
+See the PROJ documentation for a full list of these parameters and
+controls.
+.sp
+One or more files (processed in left to  right  order)  specify
+the  source  of  data  to be transformed.  A \fB\-\fP will specify the
+location of processing standard input.  If no files are  specified,
+the input is assumed to be from stdin.
+.sp
+For  direct determinations input data must be in latitude, longitude,
+azimuth and distance order and output will be latitude,
+longitude  and  back  azimuth of the terminus point.  Latitude,
+longitude of the initial and terminus point are input  for  the
+inverse  mode  and respective forward and back azimuth from the
+initial and terminus points are output along with the  distance
+between the points.
+.sp
+Input  geographic  coordinates  (latitude  and  longitude)  and
+azimuthal data must be in decimal degrees  or  DMS  format  and
+input distance data must be in units consistent with the ellipsoid
+major axis or sphere radius units.  The latitude must  lie
+in the range [\-90d,90d].  Output geographic coordinates will be
+in DMS (if the \fI\%\-f\fP switch is not employed) to 0.001” with trailing,
+zero\-valued minute\-second fields deleted.  Output distance
+data will be in the same  units  as  the  ellipsoid  or  sphere
+radius.
+.sp
+The Earth’s ellipsoidal figure may be selected in the same manner
+as program \fBproj\fP by using \fI+ellps=\fP, \fI+a=\fP, \fI+es=\fP, etc.
+.sp
+Geod may also be used to determine  intermediate  points  along
+either  a  geodesic  line between two points or along an arc of
+specified distance from a geographic point.  In both  cases  an
+initial  point must be specified with \fI+lat_1=lat\fP and \fI+lon_1=lon\fP
+parameters  and  either  a  terminus   point   \fI+lat_2=lat\fP   and
+\fI+lon_2=lon\fP  or  a  distance  and azimuth from the initial point
+with \fI+S=distance\fP and \fI+A=azimuth\fP must be specified.
+.sp
+If points along a geodesic are to  be  determined  then  either
+\fI+n_S=integer\fP  specifying  the  number  of  intermediate  points
+and/or  \fI+del_S=distance\fP  specifying  the  incremental  distance
+between points must be specified.
+.sp
+To  determine  points along an arc equidistant from the initial
+point both \fI+del_A=angle\fP  and  \fI+n_A=integer\fP  must  be  specified
+which determine the respective angular increments and number of
+points to be determined.
+.SH EXAMPLES
+.sp
+The following script determines the geodesic azimuths and  distance in U.S.
+statute miles from Boston, MA, to Portland, OR:
+.INDENT 0.0
+.INDENT 3.5
+.sp
+.nf
+.ft C
+geod +ellps=clrk66 <<EOF \-I +units=us\-mi
+42d15\(aqN 71d07\(aqW 45d31\(aqN 123d41\(aqW
+EOF
+.ft P
+.fi
+.UNINDENT
+.UNINDENT
+.sp
 which gives the results:
-.RS 5
- \f(CW-66d31'50.141" 75d39'13.083" 2587.504
-.RE
-where the first two values are the
-azimuth from Boston to Portland, the back azimuth from Portland to
-Boston followed by the distance.
-.PP
-An example of forward geodesic use is to use the Boston location and determine
-Portland's location by azimuth and distance:
-.RS 5
- \f(CWgeod +ellps=clrk66 <<EOF +units=us-mi
- 42d15'N 71d07'W \-66d31'50.141" 2587.504
- EOF\fR
-.RE
+.INDENT 0.0
+.INDENT 3.5
+.sp
+.nf
+.ft C
+\-66d31\(aq50.141" 75d39\(aq13.083" 2587.504
+.ft P
+.fi
+.UNINDENT
+.UNINDENT
+.sp
+where the first two values are the azimuth from Boston to Portland,
+the back azimuth from Portland to Boston followed by the distance.
+.sp
+An  example  of forward geodesic use is to use the Boston location
+and determine Portland’s location by azimuth and distance:
+.INDENT 0.0
+.INDENT 3.5
+.sp
+.nf
+.ft C
+geod +ellps=clrk66 <<EOF +units=us\-mi
+42d15\(aqN 71d07\(aqW \-66d31\(aq50.141" 2587.504
+EOF
+.ft P
+.fi
+.UNINDENT
+.UNINDENT
+.sp
 which gives:
-.RS 5
- \f(CW45d31'0.003"N 123d40'59.985"W 75d39'13.094"\fR
-.RE
-Note: lack of precision in the distance value compromises
-the precision of the Portland location.
+.INDENT 0.0
+.INDENT 3.5
+.sp
+.nf
+.ft C
+45d31\(aq0.003"N 123d40\(aq59.985"W 75d39\(aq13.094"
+.ft P
+.fi
+.UNINDENT
+.UNINDENT
+.sp
+\fBNOTE:\fP
+.INDENT 0.0
+.INDENT 3.5
+Lack  of precision in the distance value compromises the
+precision of the Portland location.
+.UNINDENT
+.UNINDENT
+.SH FURTHER READING
+.INDENT 0.0
+.IP 1. 3
+\fI\%GeographicLib\fP\&.
+.IP 2. 3
+C. F. F. Karney, \fI\%Algorithms for Geodesics\fP, J. Geodesy \fB87\fP(1), 43–55 (2013);
+\fI\%addenda\fP\&.
+.IP 3. 3
+\fI\%A geodesic bibliography\fP\&.
+.UNINDENT
 .SH SEE ALSO
-.B geodesic(3)
-.PP
-\fBGeographicLib\fR, https://geographiclib.sourceforge.io
-.PP
-The \fBGeodSolve\fR utility in GeographicLib.  With the \fB-E\fR option,
-this solves the geodesic problems in terms of elliptic integrals; the
-results are accurate for arbitrary \fIf\fR.
-.PP
-C. F. F. Karney, \fIAlgorithms for Geodesics\fR,
-.br
-J. Geodesy \fB87\fR, 43-55 (2013);
-.br
-DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00190-012-0578-z
-.br
-https://geographiclib.sourceforge.io/geod-addenda.html
-.PP
-The \fIonline geodesic bibliography\fR,
-.br
-https://geographiclib.sourceforge.io/geodesic-papers/biblio.html
+.sp
+\fBproj(1)\fP, \fBcs2cs(1)\fP, \fBcct(1)\fP, \fBgeod(1)\fP, \fBgie(1)\fP
 .SH BUGS
-A list of known bugs can found at https://github.com/OSGeo/proj.4/issues
-where new bug reports can be submitted too.
+.sp
+A list of know bugs can be found at \fI\%http://github.com/OSGeo/proj.4/issues\fP
+where new bug reports can be submitted to.
 .SH HOME PAGE
-http://proj4.org/
+.sp
+\fI\%http://proj4.org/\fP
+.SH AUTHOR
+Charles Karney
+.SH COPYRIGHT
+1983-2018
+.\" Generated by docutils manpage writer.
+.