diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'man/man1/proj.1')
| -rw-r--r-- | man/man1/proj.1 | 516 |
1 files changed, 245 insertions, 271 deletions
diff --git a/man/man1/proj.1 b/man/man1/proj.1 index 5b58fcd8..6faab758 100644 --- a/man/man1/proj.1 +++ b/man/man1/proj.1 @@ -1,303 +1,277 @@ -.\" release 5 -.\" -.ad b -.hy 1 -.TH PROJ 1 "2018/02/25 Rel. 5.0.0" +.\" Man page generated from reStructuredText. +. +.TH "PROJ" "1" "Mar 18, 2018" "5.0.0" "PROJ.4" .SH NAME -proj \- forward cartographic projection filter -.br -invproj \- inverse cartographic projection filter +proj \- Cartographic projection filter +. +.nr rst2man-indent-level 0 +. +.de1 rstReportMargin +\\$1 \\n[an-margin] +level \\n[rst2man-indent-level] +level margin: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]] +- +\\n[rst2man-indent0] +\\n[rst2man-indent1] +\\n[rst2man-indent2] +.. +.de1 INDENT +.\" .rstReportMargin pre: +. RS \\$1 +. nr rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level] \\n[an-margin] +. nr rst2man-indent-level +1 +.\" .rstReportMargin post: +.. +.de UNINDENT +. RE +.\" indent \\n[an-margin] +.\" old: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]] +.nr rst2man-indent-level -1 +.\" new: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]] +.in \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]u +.. .SH SYNOPSIS -.B proj -[ -.B \-bcCeEfiIlmorsStTvVwW -[ -.I args -] ] [ -.B +args -] -file[s] -.br -.B invproj -[ -.B \-bcCeEfiIlmorsStTwW -[ -.I args -] ] [ -.B +args -] -file[s] +.INDENT 0.0 +.INDENT 3.5 +\fBproj\fP [ \fB\-bceEfiIlmorsStTvVwW\fP ] [ args ] ] [ \fI+args\fP ] file[s] +.sp +\fBinvproj\fP [ \fB\-bceEfiIlmorsStTwW\fP ] [ args ] ] [ \fI+args\fP ] file[s] +.UNINDENT +.UNINDENT .SH DESCRIPTION -.I Proj -and -.I invproj -perform respective forward and inverse transformation of cartographic data -to or from cartesian data with a wide range of selectable projection functions. -.PP -The following control parameters can appear in any order: +.sp +\fBproj\fP and \fBinvproj\fP perform respective forward and inverse +transformation of cartographic data to or from cartesian data with a wide +range of selectable projection functions. +.sp +\fBinvproj\fP may not be available on all platforms; in this case +use \fI\%proj \-I\fP instead. +.sp +The following control parameters can appear in any order +.INDENT 0.0 .TP -.BI \-b -Special option for binary coordinate data input and output -through standard input and standard output. -Data is assumed to be in system type -.I double -floating point words. -This option is to be used when -.B proj -is a -.I son -process and allows bypassing formatting operations. +.B \-b +Special option for binary coordinate data input and output through standard +input and standard output. Data is assumed to be in system type double +floating point words. This option is to be used when proj is a son process +and allows bypassing formatting operations. +.UNINDENT +.INDENT 0.0 .TP -.BI \-i -Selects binary input only (see -.B \-b option). +.B \-i +Selects binary input only (see \fI\%\-b\fP). +.UNINDENT +.INDENT 0.0 .TP -.BI \-I -alternate method to specify inverse projection. -Redundant when used with -.B invproj. +.B \-I +alternate method to specify inverse projection. Redundant when used with +invproj. +.UNINDENT +.INDENT 0.0 .TP -.BI \-o -Selects binary output only (see -.B \-b option). +.B \-o +Selects binary output only (see \fI\%\-b\fP). +.UNINDENT +.INDENT 0.0 .TP -.BI \-t "a" -.I A -specifies a character employed as the first character to denote -a control line to be passed through without processing. -This option applicable to ascii input only. -(# is the default value). +.B \-t<a> +\fIa\fP specifies a character employed as the first character to denote a +control line to be passed through without processing. This option +applicable to ascii input only. (# is the default value). +.UNINDENT +.INDENT 0.0 .TP -.BI \-e " string" -.I String -is an arbitrary string to be output if an error is detected during -data transformations. -The default value is: *\et*. -Note that if the -.B \-b, -.B \-i -or -.B \-o -options are employed, an error is returned as HUGE_VAL -value for both return values. +.B \-e <string> +String is an arbitrary string to be output if an error is detected during +data transformations. The default value is: \fIt\fP\&. Note that if the +\fI\%\-b\fP, \fI\%\-i\fP or \fI\%\-o\fP options are employed, an error +is returned as HUGE_VAL value for both return values. +.UNINDENT +.INDENT 0.0 +.TP +.B \-E +causes the input coordinates to be copied to the output line prior to +printing the converted values. +.UNINDENT +.INDENT 0.0 .TP -.BI \-E -causes the input coordinates to be copied to the output line -prior to printing the converted values. +.B \-l<[=id]> +List projection identifiers that can be selected with \fI+proj\fP\&. \fBproj \-l=id\fP +gives expanded description of projection id, e.g. \fBproj \-l=merc\fP\&. +.UNINDENT +.INDENT 0.0 .TP -.BI \-l "[p|P|=|e|u|d]" id -List projection identifiers with -.B \-l, .B \-lp -or -.B \-lP (expanded) -that can be selected with -.B +proj. -.BI \-l= id -gives expanded description of projection -.I id. -List ellipsoid identifiers with -.B \-le, -that can be selected with -.B +ellps, +List of all projection id that can be used with the \fI+proj\fP parameter. +Equivalent to \fBproj \-l\fP\&. +.UNINDENT +.INDENT 0.0 +.TP +.B \-lP +Expanded description of all projections that can be used with the \fI+proj\fP +parameter. +.UNINDENT +.INDENT 0.0 +.TP +.B \-le +List of all ellipsoids that can be selected with the \fI+ellps\fP parameters. +.UNINDENT +.INDENT 0.0 +.TP .B \-lu -list of cartesian to meter conversion factors -that can be selected with -.B +units -or +List of all distance units that can be selected with the \fI+units\fP parameter. +.UNINDENT +.INDENT 0.0 +.TP .B \-ld -list of datums that can be selected with -.B +datum. +List of datums that can be selected with the \fI+datum\fP parameter. +.UNINDENT +.INDENT 0.0 .TP -.BI \-r -This options reverses the order of the -expected input from longitude-latitude or x-y to latitude-longitude or y-x. +.B \-r +This options reverses the order of the expected input from +longitude\-latitude or x\-y to latitude\-longitude or y\-x. +.UNINDENT +.INDENT 0.0 .TP -.BI \-s -This options reverses the order of the -output from x-y or longitude-latitude to y-x or latitude-longitude. +.B \-s +This options reverses the order of the output from x\-y or longitude\-latitude +to y\-x or latitude\-longitude. +.UNINDENT +.INDENT 0.0 .TP -.BI \-S -Causes estimation of -.I meridional -and -.I parallel -scale factors, -.I area -scale factor and -.I angular distortion, -and -.I maximum -and -.I minimum -scale factors to be listed between <> for each input point. -For conformal projections meridional and parallel scales factors -will be equal and angular distortion zero. -Equal area projections will have an area factor of 1. +.B \-S +Causes estimation of meridional and parallel scale factors, area scale +factor and angular distortion, and maximum and minimum scale factors to be +listed between <> for each input point. For conformal projections meridional +and parallel scales factors will be equal and angular distortion zero. Equal +area projections will have an area factor of 1. +.UNINDENT +.INDENT 0.0 .TP -.BI \-m " mult" -The cartesian data may be scaled by the -.I mult -parameter. -When processing data in a forward projection mode the -cartesian output values are multiplied by -.I mult -otherwise the input cartesian values are divided by -.I mult -before inverse projection. -If the first two characters of -.I mult -are 1/ or 1: then the reciprocal value of -.I mult -is employed. +.B \-m <mult> +The cartesian data may be scaled by the mult parameter. When processing data +in a forward projection mode the cartesian output values are multiplied by +mult otherwise the input cartesian values are divided by mult before inverse +projection. If the first two characters of mult are 1/ or 1: then the +reciprocal value of mult is employed. +.UNINDENT +.INDENT 0.0 .TP -.BI \-f " format" -.I Format -is a -.I printf -format string to control the form of the output values. -For inverse projections, the output will be in degrees when this option -is employed. -The default format is "%.2f" for forward projection and DMS -for inverse. +.B \-f <format> +Format is a printf format string to control the form of the output values. +For inverse projections, the output will be in degrees when this option is +employed. The default format is â%.2fâ for forward projection and DMS for +inverse. +.UNINDENT +.INDENT 0.0 .TP -.BI \-[w|W] n -.I N -is the number of significant fractional digits to employ for -seconds output (when the option is not specified, -.B \-w3 -is assumed). -When -.B \-W -is employed the fields will be constant width and with leading zeroes. +.B \-[w|W]<n> +N is the number of significant fractional digits to employ for seconds +output (when the option is not specified, \fB\-w3\fP is assumed). When \fB\-W\fP +is employed the fields will be constant width and with leading zeroes. +.UNINDENT +.INDENT 0.0 .TP .B \-v -causes a listing of cartographic control parameters tested for and -used by the program to be printed prior to input data. -Should not be used with the -.B \-T -option. +causes a listing of cartographic control parameters tested for and used by +the program to be printed prior to input data. Should not be used with the +\fI\%\-T\fP option. +.UNINDENT +.INDENT 0.0 .TP .B \-V -This option causes an expanded annotated listing of the characteristics -of the projected point. -.B -v is implied with this option. +This option causes an expanded annotated listing of the characteristics of +the projected point. \fI\%\-v\fP is implied with this option. +.UNINDENT +.INDENT 0.0 .TP -.BI \-T " ulow,uhi,vlow,vhi,res[,umax,vmax]" -This option creates a set of bivariate Chebyshev polynomial -coefficients that approximate the selected cartographic projection on -.I stdout. -The values -.I low -and -.I hi -denote the range of the input where the -.I u -or -.I v -prefixes apply to respective longitude-x or latitude-y -depending upon whether a forward or inverse projection is selected. -.I Res -is an integer number specifying the power of 10 precision of the -approximation. -For example, a -.I res -of \-3 specifies an approximation with an accuracy better than .001. -.I Umax, -and -.I vmax +.B \-T <ulow,uhi,vlow,vhi,res[,umax,vmax]> +This option creates a set of bivariate Chebyshev polynomial coefficients +that approximate the selected cartographic projection on stdout. The values +low and hi denote the range of the input where the u or v prefixes apply to +respective longitude\-x or latitude\-y depending upon whether a forward or +inverse projection is selected. Res is an integer number specifying the +power of 10 precision of the approximation. For example, a res of \-3 +specifies an approximation with an accuracy better than .001. Umax, and vmax specify maximum degree of the polynomials (default: 15). -See also: -.B fproj(1). -.PP -The -.B +args -run-line arguments are associated with cartographic parameters -and usage varies with projection and for a complete description see -.I "Cartographic Projection Procedures for the UNIX Environment\(emA User's Manual" -and supplementary documentation for Release 4. -.PP -Additional projection control parameters may be contained in two -auxiliary control files: -the first is optionally referenced with the -.BI +init= file:id -and the second is always processed after the name -of the projection has been established from either the run-line -or the contents of -.B +init -file. -The environment parameter -.B PROJ_LIB -establishes the default directory for a file reference without -an absolute path. This is also used for supporting files like -datum shift files. -.PP -One or more -.I files -(processed in left to right order) -specify the source of data to be transformed. -A \- will specify the location of processing standard input. -If no files are specified, the input is assumed to be from -.I stdin. -For ASCII input data the two data values must be in the -first two white space separated fields and -when both input and output are ASCII all trailing portions -of the input line are appended to the output line. -.PP -Input geographic data -(longitude and latitude) must be in DMS format and input -cartesian data must be in units consistent with the ellipsoid -major axis or sphere radius units. -Output geographic coordinates will be in DMS -(if the -.B \-w -switch is not employed) and precise to 0.001" -with trailing, zero-valued minute-second fields deleted. +.UNINDENT +.sp +The \fI+args\fP run\-line arguments are associated with cartographic parameters. +Additional projection control parameters may be contained in two auxiliary +control files: the first is optionally referenced with the +\fI+init=file:id\fP and the second is always processed after the name of the +projection has been established from either the run\-line or the contents of ++init file. The environment parameter \fBPROJ_LIB\fP establishes the +default directory for a file reference without an absolute path. This is +also used for supporting files like datum shift files. +.sp +One or more files (processed in left to right order) specify the source of +data to be transformed. A \fB\-\fP will specify the location of processing standard +input. If no files are specified, the input is assumed to be from stdin. +For ASCII input data the two data values must be in the first two white space +separated fields and when both input and output are ASCII all trailing +portions of the input line are appended to the output line. +.sp +Input geographic data (longitude and latitude) must be in DMS format and input +cartesian data must be in units consistent with the ellipsoid major axis or +sphere radius units. Output geographic coordinates will be in DMS (if the +\fB\-w\fP switch is not employed) and precise to 0.001â with trailing, zero\-valued +minute\-second fields deleted. .SH EXAMPLE +.sp The following script -.RS 5 - \f(CWproj +proj=utm +lon_0=112w +ellps=clrk66 \-r <<EOF - 45d15'33.1" 111.5W - 45d15.551666667N \-111d30 - +45.25919444444 111d30'000w - EOF\fR -.RE -will perform UTM forward projection with a standard UTM -central meridian nearest longitude 112\(deW. -The geographic values of this example are equivalent and meant -as examples of various forms of DMS input. -The x\-y output data will appear as three lines of: -.RS 5 - \f(CW460769.27 5011648.45 -.RE +.INDENT 0.0 +.INDENT 3.5 +.sp +.nf +.ft C +proj +proj=utm +lon_0=112w +ellps=clrk66 +\-r <<EOF +45d15\(aq33.1" 111.5W +45d15.551666667N \-111d30 ++45.25919444444 111d30\(aq000w +EOF +.ft P +.fi +.UNINDENT +.UNINDENT +.sp +will perform UTM forward projection with a standard UTM central meridian +nearest longitude 112W. The geographic values of this example are equivalent +and meant as examples of various forms of DMS input. The x\-y output +data will appear as three lines of: +.INDENT 0.0 +.INDENT 3.5 +.sp +.nf +.ft C +460769.27 5011648.45 +.ft P +.fi +.UNINDENT +.UNINDENT .SH OTHER PROGRAMS -.PP -The \fIproj\fR program is limited to converting between geographic and -projection coordinates within one datum. -.PP -The \fIcs2cs\fR program operates -similarly, but allows translation between any pair of definable coordinate -systems, including support for datum translation. -.PP -The \fIgeod\fR program provides the ability to compute geodesic (Great -Circle) computations. +.sp +The \fBproj\fP program is limited to converting between geographic and +projected coordinates within one datum. +.sp +The \fBcs2cs\fP program operates similarly, but allows translation +between any paor of definable coordinate reference systems, including +support for datum translation. .SH SEE ALSO -.B cs2cs(1), geod(1), pj_init(3), -.br -.I "Cartographic Projection Procedures for the UNIX Environment\(emA User's Manual," -(Evenden, 1990, Open-file report 90\-284). -.br -.I "Map Projections Used by the U. S. Geological Survey" -(Snyder, 1984, -USGS Bulletin 1532). -.br -.I "Map Projections\(emA Working Manual" -(Snyder, 1988, USGS Prof. Paper 1395). -.br -.I "An Album of Map Projections" -(Snyder & Voxland, 1989, USGS Prof. Paper 1453). +.sp +\fBcs2cs(1)\fP, \fBcct(1)\fP, \fBgeod(1)\fP, \fBgie(1)\fP .SH BUGS -A list of known bugs can found at https://github.com/OSGeo/proj.4/issues -where new bug reports can be submitted too. +.sp +A list of know bugs can be found at \fI\%http://github.com/OSGeo/proj.4/issues\fP +where new bug reports can be submitted to. .SH HOME PAGE -http://proj4.org/ +.sp +\fI\%http://proj4.org/\fP +.SH AUTHOR +Gerald I. Evenden +.SH COPYRIGHT +1983-2018 +.\" Generated by docutils manpage writer. +. |