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href="../index.html">PROJ</a> + </nav> + + <div class="wy-nav-content"> + <div class="rst-content"> + <div role="navigation" aria-label="Page navigation"> + <ul class="wy-breadcrumbs"> + <li><a href="../index.html" class="icon icon-home"></a> »</li> + <li><a href="index.html">Applications</a> »</li> + <li>proj</li> + <li class="wy-breadcrumbs-aside"> + <a href="https://github.com/OSGeo/PROJ/edit/8.2/docs/source/apps/proj.rst" class="fa fa-github"> Edit on GitHub</a> + </li> + </ul><div class="rst-breadcrumbs-buttons" role="navigation" aria-label="Sequential page navigation"> + <a href="gie.html" class="btn btn-neutral float-left" title="gie" accesskey="p"><span class="fa fa-arrow-circle-left" aria-hidden="true"></span> Previous</a> + <a href="projinfo.html" class="btn btn-neutral float-right" title="projinfo" accesskey="n">Next <span class="fa fa-arrow-circle-right" aria-hidden="true"></span></a> + </div> + <hr/> +</div> + <div role="main" class="document" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/Article"> + <div itemprop="articleBody"> + + <section id="proj"> +<span id="id1"></span><h1>proj<a class="headerlink" href="#proj" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1> +<p>Cartographic projection filter.</p> +<section id="synopsis"> +<span id="index-0"></span><h2>Synopsis<a class="headerlink" href="#synopsis" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> +<blockquote> +<div><p><strong>proj</strong> [<strong>-beEfiIlmorsStTvVwW</strong>] [args]] [<em>+opt[=arg]</em> …] file …</p> +<p><strong>invproj</strong> [<strong>-beEfiIlmorsStTvVwW</strong>] [args]] [<em>+opt[=arg]</em> …] file …</p> +</div></blockquote> +</section> +<section id="description"> +<h2>Description<a class="headerlink" href="#description" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> +<p><strong class="program">proj</strong> and <strong class="program">invproj</strong> perform respective forward and inverse +conversion of cartographic data to or from cartesian data with a wide +range of selectable projection functions.</p> +<p><strong class="program">invproj</strong> may not be available on all platforms; in this case +use <a class="reference internal" href="#cmdoption-proj-I"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">proj</span> <span class="pre">-I</span></code></a> instead.</p> +<p>The following control parameters can appear in any order</p> +<dl class="std option"> +<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-proj-b"> +<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">-b</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-proj-b" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> +<dd><p>Special option for binary coordinate data input and output through standard +input and standard output. Data is assumed to be in system type double +floating point words. This option is to be used when <strong class="program">proj</strong> is a child process +and allows bypassing formatting operations.</p> +</dd></dl> + +<dl class="std option"> +<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-proj-d"> +<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">-d</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"> <span class="pre"><n></span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-proj-d" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> +<dd></dd></dl> + +<div class="versionadded"> +<p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 5.2.0: </span>Specify the number of decimals in the output.</p> +</div> +<dl class="std option"> +<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-proj-i"> +<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">-i</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-proj-i" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> +<dd><p>Selects binary input only (see <a class="reference internal" href="#cmdoption-proj-b"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-b</span></code></a>).</p> +</dd></dl> + +<dl class="std option"> +<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-proj-I"> +<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">-I</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-proj-I" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> +<dd><p>Alternate method to specify inverse projection. Redundant when used with +<strong class="program">invproj</strong>.</p> +</dd></dl> + +<dl class="std option"> +<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-proj-o"> +<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">-o</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-proj-o" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> +<dd><p>Selects binary output only (see <a class="reference internal" href="#cmdoption-proj-b"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-b</span></code></a>).</p> +</dd></dl> + +<dl class="std option"> +<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-proj-t-a"> +<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">-t<a></span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-proj-t-a" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> +<dd><p>Where <em>a</em> specifies a character employed as the first character to denote a +control line to be passed through without processing. This option +applicable to ASCII input only. (# is the default value).</p> +</dd></dl> + +<dl class="std option"> +<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-proj-e"> +<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">-e</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"> <span class="pre"><string></span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-proj-e" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> +<dd><p>Where <em>string</em> is an arbitrary string to be output if an error is detected during +data transformations. The default value is a three character string: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">*\t*</span></code>. +Note that if the <a class="reference internal" href="#cmdoption-proj-b"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-b</span></code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="#cmdoption-proj-i"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-i</span></code></a> or <a class="reference internal" href="#cmdoption-proj-o"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-o</span></code></a> options are employed, an error +is returned as HUGE_VAL value for both return values.</p> +</dd></dl> + +<dl class="std option"> +<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-proj-E"> +<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">-E</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-proj-E" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> +<dd><p>Causes the input coordinates to be copied to the output line prior to +printing the converted values.</p> +</dd></dl> + +<dl class="std option"> +<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-proj-l"> +<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">-l<[</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">=id]></span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-proj-l" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> +<dd><p>List projection identifiers that can be selected with <em>+proj</em>. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">proj</span> <span class="pre">-l=id</span></code> +gives expanded description of projection <em>id</em>, e.g. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">proj</span> <span class="pre">-l=merc</span></code>.</p> +</dd></dl> + +<dl class="std option"> +<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-proj-lp"> +<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">-lp</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-proj-lp" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> +<dd><p>List of all projection id that can be used with the <em>+proj</em> parameter. +Equivalent to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">proj</span> <span class="pre">-l</span></code>.</p> +</dd></dl> + +<dl class="std option"> +<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-proj-lP"> +<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">-lP</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-proj-lP" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> +<dd><p>Expanded description of all projections that can be used with the <em>+proj</em> +parameter.</p> +</dd></dl> + +<dl class="std option"> +<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-proj-le"> +<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">-le</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-proj-le" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> +<dd><p>List of all ellipsoids that can be selected with the <em>+ellps</em> parameters.</p> +</dd></dl> + +<dl class="std option"> +<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-proj-lu"> +<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">-lu</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-proj-lu" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> +<dd><p>List of all distance units that can be selected with the <em>+units</em> parameter.</p> +</dd></dl> + +<dl class="std option"> +<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-proj-r"> +<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">-r</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-proj-r" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> +<dd><p>This options reverses the order of the expected input from +longitude-latitude or x-y to latitude-longitude or y-x.</p> +</dd></dl> + +<dl class="std option"> +<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-proj-s"> +<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">-s</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-proj-s" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> +<dd><p>This options reverses the order of the output from x-y or longitude-latitude +to y-x or latitude-longitude.</p> +</dd></dl> + +<dl class="std option"> +<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-proj-S"> +<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">-S</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-proj-S" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> +<dd><p>Causes estimation of meridional and parallel scale factors, area scale +factor and angular distortion, and maximum and minimum scale factors to be +listed between <> for each input point. For conformal projections meridional +and parallel scales factors will be equal and angular distortion zero. Equal +area projections will have an area factor of 1.</p> +</dd></dl> + +<dl class="std option"> +<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-proj-m"> +<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">-m</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"> <span class="pre"><mult></span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-proj-m" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> +<dd><p>The cartesian data may be scaled by the <em>mult</em> parameter. When processing data +in a forward projection mode the cartesian output values are multiplied by +<em>mult</em> otherwise the input cartesian values are divided by <em>mult</em> before inverse +projection. If the first two characters of <em>mult</em> are 1/ or 1: then the +reciprocal value of <em>mult</em> is employed.</p> +</dd></dl> + +<dl class="std option"> +<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-proj-f"> +<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">-f</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"> <span class="pre"><format></span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-proj-f" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> +<dd><p>Where <em>format</em> is a printf format string to control the form of the output values. +For inverse projections, the output will be in degrees when this option is +employed. The default format is <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">"%.2f"</span></code> for forward projection and DMS for +inverse.</p> +</dd></dl> + +<dl class="std option"> +<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-proj-w-n"> +<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">-w<n></span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-proj-w-n" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> +<dd><p>Where <em>n</em> is the number of significant fractional digits to employ for seconds +output (when the option is not specified, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-w3</span></code> is assumed).</p> +</dd></dl> + +<dl class="std option"> +<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-proj-W-n"> +<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">-W<n></span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-proj-W-n" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> +<dd><p>Where <em>n</em> is the number of significant fractional digits to employ for seconds +output. When <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-W</span></code> is employed the fields will be constant width +with leading zeroes.</p> +</dd></dl> + +<dl class="std option"> +<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-proj-v"> +<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">-v</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-proj-v" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> +<dd><p>Causes a listing of cartographic control parameters tested for and used by +the program to be printed prior to input data.</p> +</dd></dl> + +<dl class="std option"> +<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-proj-V"> +<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">-V</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-proj-V" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> +<dd><p>This option causes an expanded annotated listing of the characteristics of +the projected point. <a class="reference internal" href="#cmdoption-proj-v"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-v</span></code></a> is implied with this option.</p> +</dd></dl> + +<p>The <em>+opt</em> run-line arguments are associated with cartographic parameters. +Additional projection control parameters may be contained in two auxiliary +control files: the first is optionally referenced with the +<em>+init=file:id</em> and the second is always processed after the name of the +projection has been established from either the run-line or the contents of ++init file. The environment parameter <span class="target" id="index-1"></span><a class="reference internal" href="../usage/environmentvars.html#envvar-PROJ_LIB"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PROJ_LIB</span></code></a> establishes the +default directory for a file reference without an absolute path. This is +also used for supporting files like datum shift files.</p> +<p>Usage of <em>+opt</em> varies with projection and for a complete description +consult the <a class="reference internal" href="../operations/projections/index.html#projections"><span class="std std-ref">projection pages</span></a>.</p> +<p>One or more files (processed in left to right order) specify the source of +data to be converted. A <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-</span></code> will specify the location of processing standard +input. If no files are specified, the input is assumed to be from stdin. +For ASCII input data the two data values must be in the first two white space +separated fields and when both input and output are ASCII all trailing +portions of the input line are appended to the output line.</p> +<p>Input geographic data (longitude and latitude) must be in DMS or decimal degrees format and input +cartesian data must be in units consistent with the ellipsoid major axis or +sphere radius units. Output geographic coordinates will be in DMS (if the +<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-w</span></code> switch is not employed) and precise to 0.001” with trailing, zero-valued +minute-second fields deleted.</p> +</section> +<section id="example"> +<h2>Example<a class="headerlink" href="#example" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> +<p>The following script</p> +<div class="highlight-console notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="go">proj +proj=utm +lon_0=112w +ellps=clrk66 -r <<EOF</span> +<span class="go">45d15'33.1" 111.5W</span> +<span class="go">45d15.551666667N -111d30</span> +<span class="go">+45.25919444444 111d30'000w</span> +<span class="go">EOF</span> +</pre></div> +</div> +<p>will perform UTM forward projection with a standard UTM central meridian +nearest longitude 112W. The geographic values of this example are equivalent +and meant as examples of various forms of DMS input. The x-y output +data will appear as three lines of:</p> +<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>460769.27 5011648.45 +</pre></div> +</div> +</section> +</section> + + + </div> + </div> + <footer><div class="rst-footer-buttons" role="navigation" aria-label="Footer"> + <a href="gie.html" class="btn btn-neutral float-left" title="gie" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><span class="fa fa-arrow-circle-left" aria-hidden="true"></span> Previous</a> + <a href="projinfo.html" class="btn btn-neutral float-right" title="projinfo" accesskey="n" rel="next">Next <span class="fa fa-arrow-circle-right" aria-hidden="true"></span></a> + </div> + + <hr/> + + <div role="contentinfo"> + <p>© Copyright 1983-2022. + <span class="lastupdated">Last updated on 22 Mar 2022. + </span></p> + </div> + + Built with <a href="https://www.sphinx-doc.org/">Sphinx</a> using a + <a href="https://github.com/readthedocs/sphinx_rtd_theme">theme</a> + provided by <a href="https://readthedocs.org">Read the Docs</a>. + + +</footer> + </div> + </div> + </section> + </div> + <script> + jQuery(function () { + SphinxRtdTheme.Navigation.enable(true); + }); + </script> + +</body> +</html>
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